_ its external application proves to be an excellent 
stings of wasps and bees. ‘Tar is applied in the form 
ae head, and some other cutaneous diseases. . 
_ The common turpentine, obtained from the same tree, | 
given internally ; its principal ase is in pnien and oir 
fr the ficti lesion of essential oil. 
¢ eae 7 * = 
_ Vixen. Acetous Acid. 
use among the Israelites and other eastern nations at a ie 
period. This agreeable pungent acid is the product of the Looe 
tation of sweet vegetable juices. It is obtained from wine, cider, 
beer, the juice of the sugar maple, or other fermented liquors, — 
which are the products of the first stage of the fermentative proc 
The acetous fermentation is nothing more than the acidification or 
oxygenation of wine, produced in the open air by stoune-4itie 
sorption of oxygen. Vinegar is composed of hydrogen and carbon _ 
united together in proportions pol yok aes anged into 
the acid state by oxygen. That p ed ite 
_ free from impurities. Beside 
much water, vinegar contains esteemed uci 
cilaginous matter, and sometimes phosphoric acid. 
_ Vinegar possesses-strong antiseptic powers, and its action onthe 
living body is gently stimulant and astringent. It is employed.as ; 
useful addition to the patient’s drink in putrid and inflammatory fevers. — 
_ In ardent, bilious fevers, pestilential and other malignant distempers, ae 
it is recommended by Boerhaave as one of the most certain sudori- 
- fics. In the form of clyster it is used in the same diseases, and in 
_ obstinate constipation. F aintings, vomiting, hysterical and hypo- 
- chondriacal.complaints, bave been frequently relieved by vinegar 
applied to the mouth and nose, or received into the stomach, tis 
highly servicable in obviating the effects of Poisons ‘substat 
_ of the vegetable kind, when taken into the sto : 
promoting their discharge by the different emunctories, hana re- 
ceived into the blood. When fully saturated with common salt, it 
has been resorted to as a valuable remedy in dysentery, and malig- 
nant sore throat ; one table spoonful of this mixture, with one or two 
of hot water, gradually swallowed and frequently repeated, willsel- 
dom fail to induce a diaphoresis, and procure essential | relief from 
the most distressing symptoms attending these dangerou pape @ 
The same saturated mixture may also be applied to Jocal inflam- 
baths a5 tim Vinegar is msi externa 
