THE GYNZCEUM. V1 
Zinaria, pollinia). The pollen grains, like to the spores of 
of the cryptogams, possess a variously marked outer coat (exine), 
provided with bristles or prickles ; by the development of the 
pollen tube, the intine projects in a sack-like form through the 
exine. 
If the stamens have all coalesced to form one bundle, they are 
called monadelphous’ (Geraniaces, Linaceew, Oxalideex); when 
coalesced to the number of two or several, polyadelphous? 
(Papilionacee). The stamens may, however, have coalesced 
with the perigon (Symphytum) or with the gyneceum, when 
they are called gynandrous*® (Orchidacee, Aristolochie). In 
the latter case, the style, stigma, and anthers form the fructi- 
fying column (gynostemium).* 
Occasionally the stamens develop leaf, horn, and pocket-like 
appendages which, in the case of Asclepias and Vincetoxicum, 
assume the form of an inner crown (corona staminea). 
Sterile stamens are called staminodiums (Lauracee, Linum, 
Zingtberaceex). 
The gyneceum ° (pistil®) of the flower, the female sexual 
organ of the plant, is formed of the fruit leaves or carpels,’ 
which are mostly closed to form one vessel, the ovary, contain- 
ing in its interior the seeds. If but one carpel takes part in 
the formation of the ovary, the latter is called monomerous;° 
the side traversed by the mid rib of the carpel is then the pos- 
terior side, the line of coalescence of the leaf-edges the ventral 
suture. Through the formation of false dissepiments or parti- 
tions, the monomerous ovary, which is’ usually unilocular, can 
become multilocular. When several carpels become united, the 
ovary is polymerous.’ 
1 Mévos one, and &deA@os brother. 
* ToAvs many, and adeAgos, 
3 Dury and av7p. 
4Tvyyn a woman, and 6r7uw@yv stamen., 
5Turvy wife, yvvaixetov female household. 
® Pistillum, pestle. . 
' Kapros fruit. 
8 Mévos one, and”“épos part. 
* ToAvs many, and sépos part. 
