THE FLOWER. 4D 
In the diagram the stamens are represented by small circles, the 
staminodia or abortive stamens by crosses (Fig. 11), and the 
perigon leaves by segments of circles (Figs. 12 and 13). The 
abortive,’ 7, e., the defective or suppressed parts of the flower, 
are designated by dotted lines. 
Ordinarily, the individual parts of the flower are arranged in 
circles (cycles),? the members of which alternate with each other 
(Figs. 12 and 12), so, indeed, that each member of a successive 
circle, with regard to economy of space, always lies between two 
members of the preceding circle. Ina typical dicotyledonous 
flower (Fig. 12), for example, the five corolla leaves lie between 
Fie. 11. 
Diagram of a flower of the Graminez. 6, palea inferior; v, palea superior ; /, lodi- 
culze or perigon leaves developed as small scales (Tschirch), 
the five calyx leaves ; the first circle of stamens lies between the 
corolla leaves—therefore in front of the calyx leaves or sepals, 
the second circle in front of the corolla leaves or petals, etc. 
Such a flower is called diplostemonous,* as in most of the phe- 
nogams. If, however, the first circle of stamens lies above the 
corolla leaves (thus epipetalous), and the second above the calyx 
1 Abortus, miscarriage. 
2 KvxAos circle, ~ 
8 ArmAdos double, 6r7ucv stamen, thread. 
