ALEURONE. 97 
There is another body very closely related to protoplasm, and 
like this consisting of protein substances, which is likewise of 
the greatest importance, pharmacognostically. This is aleu- 
rone,’ or protein granules, which are found in numerous seeds of 
the Umbellifere, and Euphorbiacex, in Vitis vinifera, Silybum 
Marianum, Myristica, Amygdalus, Cardamomum, and the Brazil 
os Ss 
Fig. 29.—Elliptical, plainly stratified starch granules, st, with a broad, central hilum, 
from the cotyledon of a seed of Pisum sativum, after the addition of water. a, protein 
substances (aleurone); i, intercellular spaces (Sachs). 
nut (Bertholletia excelsa).? In many cases the granular contents 
of the cell, when more strongly magnified, may be resolved into 
Adevpoy the fine fiour of grain, gluten (German: Kleber) of Hartig, 
in distinction from amylon. Aleurone was discovered by Hartig 
{Botanische Zeitung, 1855, p. 881, and 1856, p. 257). For the most 
thorough examination of it we are indebted to Pfeffer, see Pringsheim’s 
Jahrbiicher fiir wissenschaftliche Botanik, viii. (1872), 429. 
*The following investigators have contributed to the knowledge of the 
crystallized, vegetable albuminous bodies: Ritthausen (many publica- 
tions in the Journ. fiir prakt. Chemie of the last few years), Maschke, 
Nageli, Sachsse, Weyl, Schmiedeberg, Barbieri, Schimper, Drechsel, De 
Luynes, Griibler (Journ. fiir prakt. Chemie, 1881); in the latter, the lit- 
erature is collated. Compare also Husemann and Hilger, ‘‘ Die Pilan- 
zenstoffe.” 
