STARCH. 115 
nucleus is not visible, since the granules are nearly always tra- 
versed by a broad, radiately branched, longitudinal cleft. 
Secondary form : small, roundish granules.’ 
3. Maranta Starcu, Arrowroot starch (Maranta arundina-— 
cea, Fig. 45). Almost entirely typical forms: more or less flat- 
tened, nearly quadrangular, rhombohedral, triangular, club- or 
pear-shaped granules, with a distinct nucleus located at the 
broad end, and often traversed by an occasionally three-rayed, 
lateral cleft. Stratification distinct. 
4. East Inptan ARrowroort (Curcuma leucorrhiza and C. 
angustifolia, Fig. 46). Type: distinctly stratified, flat, tabular 
or oval and lengthened, triangular granules, drawn out to a point. 
on one side, which contains the nucleus, without a cleft. 
Secondary form: small, triangular granules. 
Fie. 46.—Starch of Curcuma leucorrhiza (Koenig). 
5. Wueat Srarcu (Triticum vulgare),’ Fig. 47. Type: 
(az) LARGE GRANULES, flatly lenticular, almost exactly circu- 
lar, without a cleft or a distinct nucleus. They are four times. 
larger than the following : 
(6) SMALL GRANULES, roundish or polyhedral, often con- 
nected in pairs. 
1 Specific characters for the discrimination of bean- and pea-starch 
have been given by Tschirch, ‘‘ Staérkemehlanalysen,” in Archiv der 
Pharm., 222 (1884), p. 921. 
®The rye and barley have similar granules. For further details. 
regarding them, compare the previously mentioned monographs om 
starch, 
