124 PLANT ANATOMY. 
According to According to 
AVERAGE MEASUREMENTS. Wiesner, Héhnel, Wagner, Tschirch * 
Length in yz, Length in jz, 
Potato, 60 56.0 
Wheat (large granules), 26.9-28 33.0 
Wheat (small granules), 6.8 6.0 
East Indian Arrowroot, 50-60 —_— 
Maranta, 27-54 32-46 
La, ' 32-79 99-39 
Bean, : 
Maize, 15-20 13-19 
Rice (divided granules), 5 5-6 
Oat (divided granules), 4.4 7-8° 
Rad. Calumba, As much as 90 yu : 
Rhiz. Zedoaria, she 70 pet ate hapee Se 
Tuber Jalape, re Ss .60 j BORE 
Another constituent, related in its es to starch, is” 
inulin,’ which Valentine Rose, in 1804, first observed as a de- 
posit from the decoction of the root of Inula Helenium; Thom- 
son® designated it as inulin. It occurs chiefly in the roots of 
plants of more than one year’s growth belonging to the family of 
the Composite, and has been detected elsewhere in but few cases.° 
Prantl’ has obtained, for example, quite a considerable amount 
of inulin from the roots of the flowering Campanula rapuncu- 
‘The average from 100 measurements. Regarding the relations of 
shape as well as size, see the very detailed statements of Kdnig, 
‘** Nahrungs- und Genussmittel,” IT., 403 et seq. 
* I found (as did Wiesner, in opposition to Kénig), the oat granules to 
be always larger than those of rice (T.). See A. Tschirch, ‘‘Starkemehl- 
analysen” in Archiv der Pharm., 223 (1885), pp. 521-532. 
: me oe eeeieanens des Piiaikenreiches; ” first edition (1867), pp. 237, 
» U1. 
‘Compare, regarding inulin, Sachs, Bot. Zeit., 1864. Holzner, ‘‘ Flora,” 
1864, 1866, 1867, and the publications cited below. 
“System of Chemistry,” IV. (London, 1817, fifth edition), 75; also 
in earlier editions, previous to the year 1811. 
°That the Australian Lerp-Manna, in opposition to former assump- . 
- tions, contains no inulin, is now definitely established. Wittstein’s 
Vierteljahrsschrift fiir prakt. Pharm., XVII. ee 161, and XVIII. 1. 
*** Das Inulin,” Munich, 1870, 43. 
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