THE FRUIT 301 
pulp formed by the endocarp or endocarp and mesocarp 
combined. 
Drupaceots fruits are those in which the endocarp is always 
fibrous or stony in consistence, while the mesocarp is more or less 
succulent. The endocarp may become cuticularized as in the 
Apples. ‘The mesocarp may form stone cells lying in the midst of 
soft parenchyma cells as in Pears; it may become hardened and 
thickened by lignin deposits to form fibers as in the Cocoanut, or it 
may become swollen and soft-succulent asin Peaches, Cherries, etc. 
I. CapsuLAR Fruirs.—These may be simple, when composed 
of one carpel as the follicle and legume, or compound, when 
composed of two or more carpels as the capsule, pyxis, regma, 
siliqua or silicule. 
The Fo.uicte or pod [Fig. 226 (1)] is a dry, simple, capsular 
fruit formed of a single carpel which dehisces by one suture. 
This is usually the ventral suture, as in Aconite, Staphisagria, Lark- 
spur and some other Ranunculacee, but may be the dorsal suture as 
in Magnolia and Illictum (Star anise). 
A LecumE is a dry, simple, capsular fruit formed of a single 
carpel and dehiscent by both ventral and dorsal sutures. Exam- 
ples: Peas, Beans, etc. The legume is typical of most Leguminosae, 
Fig. 226 (8). 
A LomentvuM or Loment is a modified, usually jointed legume 
that is separable transversely into one-seeded portions. Seen in 
Acacia, Peanut, Tamarind, Entada scandens, Cathartocarpus Fistula, 
Desmodium, etc. of Leguminosae, Fig. 227 (5). 
A CapsuLe is a fruit formed of two or more carpels composing 
a compound pistil which dehisce longitudinally or by apical teeth 
or valves. Examples: Cardamom, Poppy, Irs, etc., Fig. 226 (2 
and 3). 
A Pyxis or Pyxipium is a capsular fruit formed of two or more 
united carpels that dehisce transversely. Examples: Hyoscyamus, 
Plantago, Portulaca. ‘The upper portion forms a lid which fits 
upon the lower pot-like portion, Fig. 226 (4). 
A Recma is a capsular fruit of two or more united carpels that 
first splits into separate carpel parts and then each of these 
dehisces. This type of fruit is typical of Hura crepitans (Sandbox), 
Pelargonium (House Geranium) and Geranium, Fig. 226 (5). 
