402 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 
The Cedar and Apple Rust produces aecia on the leaves of the 
apple and hawthorn and telia on the red cedar (Juniperus virgimi- 
ana). The mycelium of this fungus growing in the leaves of the 
juniper produces the large brown galls known as “cedar apples.” 
OrpeR 3.—AURICULARIALES.—The so-called “ear fungi” 
which occur on the bark of many plants, on wooden fences, etc., 
as auriculate growths which when young are jelly-like and 
brilliantly colored, when old, hard, grayish and considerably 
wrinkled. The earlike fruiting body is known as the sporophore. 
Its internal surface is lined with a hymenium or fruiting membrane 
consisting of numerous four-celled basidia, each of which cuts 
oft at its tip a basidiospore. A common example of this group 
is the Jew’s ear fungus. 
OrpeR 4.—TREMELLALES.—Saprophytes which live on 
decaying wood as moist, soft, quivering gelatinous growths 
becoming later dry and horny. 
Tue HicHer BAsIDIOMYCETES 
Mostly fleshy forms characterized by one-celled basidia with 
generally four, occasionally six, eight or two sterigmata, each of 
which cuts off a basidiospore at its tip. 
Division A.—HyYMENOMYCETES 
(Hymenium or spore-bearing surface exposed) 
This division of higher basidiomycete fungi comprises the 
following orders: Dacromycetales, Exobasidiales, Thelephorales, 
Clavariales and Agaricales. 
OrvER 1.—DacromyceraALes.—This order includes the 
“weeping fungi.” One of the most common is Dacromyces 
deliquescens which occurs as a gelatinous body of bright red color 
on dead wood. The basidiospores are formed during a wet 
period and the fungus swells up in the water forming a slimy 
mass. In addition to basidiospores the mycelium may break 
up into oidiospores, if the wet period is prolonged. In consisting 
of slimy gelatinous masses the ‘“‘weeping fungi” approach the 
Tremellacee but are distinguished from them in the basidium 
being undivided in the former and divided in the latter. 
