404 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 
stratum, but the part which rises above the surface (the sporo- 
phore or fruiting body) is in most cases differentiated into a stalk- 
like body called a stipe bearing upon its summit a cap or pileus, 
the latter having special surfaces for the hymenium. 
Famity 1.—HypNaAcE#, or tooth fungi. This group is 
characterized by the hymenium being placed over purplish, 
spiny or long finger-like projections of the pileus. Many of 
the species of the genus Hydnum are edible. 
[i ee a. a ree ‘i 
Fic. 299.—Boletus felleus in three stages of development. (After Patterson, Flora W. 
and Charles, Vera K., Bull. 175, U. S. Dept. Agric., pl. xxxi, Apr. 29, 1915.) 
Famity II.—Potyporace#, or pore fungi. ‘The sporophores 
or fruiting bodies of these fungi are various. They may be 
entirely supinate with pores or shallow depressions on their 
upper surfaces (Merulius), or mushroom-like (Boletus), or of the 
nature of woody or corky (Fomes) or fleshy (Fistulina) brackets. 
In all cases the hymenium or basidial layer lines the inner 
surface of tubes which open on the exterior as pores. 
The sporophore or fruit body of Polyporus officinalis, when 
deprived of its outer rind and dried, constitutes the drug AcarI- 
