424 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 
Musci or MosseEs 
Plants found on the ground, on rocks, trees and in running 
water. Their life histories consist of two generations, 
pF e 
Fic. 315.—Sphagnum acutifolium, Ehrb. A, prothallus (pr), with a young leafy 
branch just developing from it; B, portion of a leafy plant; a, male cones; ch, female 
branches; C, male branch or cone, enlarged, with a portion of the vegetative 
branch adhering to its base; D, the same, with a portion of the leaves removed so 
as to disclose the antheridia; FE, antheridium discharging spores; F, a single sperm; 
G, longitudinal section of a female branch, showing the archegonia (ar); H, longi- 
tudinal section through a sporogonium; sg', the foot; ps, pseudopodium; ¢, calyptra; 
sg, sporogonium, with dome of sporogenous tissue; ar, old neck of the archegonium; 
F. Sphagnum squarrosum Pers.; d, operculum; c, remains of calyptra; gs, mature 
pseudopodium; ch, perichatium. (Gager, from Schimper.) 
gametophyte and sporophyte similar to the liverworts but differ 
from liverworts, generally, by the ever-present differentiation of 
the gametophyte body into distinct stem and simple leaves, and 
