448 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 
CARPELLATE Congs.—The young carpellate cones appear in 
May or early June as pinkish-purple structures arranged in 
solitary fashion or in small groups, lateral along the new growth. 
Each terminates a lateral axillary branch. <A carpellate cone is 
composed of a main axis which bears spirals of scales, termed 
Fic. 336.—Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris). A-D, stages in the development of 
the carpellate cone, and its carpotropic movements. £, very young carpellate 
cone much enlarged; F, ventral, G, dorsal views of a scale from £; 1, ovuliferous 
scale, 2, ovule (in longitudinal section); 3, pollen chamber and micropyle leading 
to the apex of the nucleus (megasporangium); 4, integument of the ovule; G, 
1, tip of ovuliferous scale; 5, bract; 4, integument; H, longitudinal section at right 
angles to the surface of the ovuliferous scale (diagrammatic); 6, megaspore; 7, 
pollen chamber; J, longitudinal section of a mature cone; 6, ovule; 7, scale from 
a mature cone; 6, seed; w, wing of seed; K, dissection of mature seed; h, hard seed 
coat; c, dry membraneous remains of the nucellus, here folded back to show the 
endosperm and embryo; ¢, embryo; f, remains of nucellus; L, embryo; c, cotyle- 
dons; ¢, hypocotyl; r, root-end. (Gager.) 
megasporophylls or carpels. Each megasporophyll is composed of an 
ovuliferous scale bearing two ovules or megasori and a bract. Each 
megasorus (ovule) is attached to the surface of the megasporo- 
phyll. It contains a nucellus or megasporangium which is sur- 
rounded by an integument, except at the apex where an opening, 
the micropyle, is evident. The micropyle is the gateway to the pol- 
len chamber which lies below it. Within the nucellus a single spore 
