THE MONOCOTYLEDONS 485 
form one layer. Embryo with a scutellum. The scutellum 
represents a portion of the single cotyledon of these plants, 
which bales out the nourishment from the endosperm to the 
rest of the embryo, during the germination of the grain. 
OrriciAL DRuG Part Usep BOTANICAL ORIGIN HABITAT 
Triticum Rhizome and roots Agropyron repens Europe and Asia 
Sucrosum Refined sugar Saccharum offici- Tropics 
narum and other 
sources 
Glucosum Product obtained by incomplete hydrolysis of starch 
Dextrosum Sugar obtained by hydrolysis of starch 
Amylum Starch Zea Mays Mexico 
Zea Styles and stigmas Zea Mays Mexico 
Avena Grain Avena sativa Eurasia 
Oleum Maydis Fixed oil Zea Mays Mexico 
UnorriciAL DrucG 
Cymbopogon Nardus 
Oleum Citronella Volatile oil Cymbopogon Asia 
Winterianus 
Job’s Tears Fruits Coix Lacryma-Jobi _ E, Indies 
Fructus Fruits Phalaris Canary Islands 
Canariense canariensis 
Diastasum Enzyme Hordeum spp. Asia 
Vetiver Rhizome and Andropogon E. Indies 
roots © squarrosus 
Maltum Grain partially Var. of Hordeum Asia 
germinated and vulgare 
dried 
OrDER PRINCIPES 
PALM& or PatmM Famity.—Tropical or subtropical shrubs, 
rarely trees, having unbranched trunks which are terminated 
by a crown of leaves, in the axils of which the flowers are pro- 
duced. The leaves are well developed with pinnate or palmate 
blades and fibrous, sheathed, clasping petiole. The flowers are 
small, of one or two sexes, and crowded on a spike or spadix, 
which is subtended by a large bract, or spathe which may 
become woody, as in the Cocoanut Palm. The perianth con- 
sists of 6 parts in 2 whorls (3 sepals and 3 petals) or it may be 
inconspicuous or absent. The stamens are 6 in number, rarely 
3, inserted below the ovary. The ovary is superior, of 3 cells, 
with central placenta. The fruit is either a nut, with leathery 
epicarp, fibrous or cellular mesocarp and thin membranous 
