492 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 
OrriciAL DrucG Parr Usep BoraAnicAL NAME HasitaAt 
wslinsb ines Mediterranean 
Iris (Orris) Peeled rhizome Iris pallida : 
; : Region 
Iris germanica 
Iris Versicolor Rhizome ee versicolor Eastern North 
(Blue Flag) Iris caroliniana America 
Crocus (Saffron) Stigma Crocus sativus Southern Europe 
and Asia 
ORDER SCITAMINALES 
This order includes herbs with asymmetrical flowers and 
pinnately-veined leaves. Some of the members, notably the 
bananas, are gigantic in size. It contains the Musacee or 
Banana Family, Cannacee or Canna Family, Zingiberacee or 
Ginger Family and Marantacee or Arrowroot Family. 
ZINGIBERACE# OR GINGER Fami_y.—Tropical plants, peren- 
nial herbs, usually with fleshy rhizomes and large, elliptical, 
pinnately-veined leaves. The leaf sheaths are folded tightly 
around each other so as to give the appearance of a stem. 
Flowers, very irregular, trimerous; sepals three, short, often 
green; petals three, elongate, often fused below; stamens three 
to four abortive, petaloid, one often absent, a sixth alone fertile 
and stamen-like. The petaloid stamens constitute the most 
attractive parts of the flower. Pistil, inferior, tricarpellary. 
Fruit, a loculicidally dehiscent, usually 3-celled capsule. Seeds 
albuminous with both perispermic and endospermic albumen. 
OrrFiciAL Drue Part Usep BoraAnicAL NAME HABITAT 
Zingiber Rhizome Zingiber officinale §. Asia 
Cardamomi Semen Seeds Elettaria Indo-China 
Cardamomum 
Oleum Volatile oil from —_Elettaria Indo-China 
Cardamomi seeds Cardamomum 
UnorriciAL Druc 
Galanga Rhizome Alpinia China 
officinarum 
Zedoaria Rhizome Curcuma Zedoaria India 
Curcuma Prepared rhizome Curcuma longa S. Asia and E. 
Indies 
Grains of Paradise Seeds Amomum Asia 
melegueta 
MARANTACE2 OR ARROWROOT Famity.—Perennial herbs 
chiefly of tropical climes with fleshy rhizomes or tubers rich in 
