THE DICOTYLEDONS 499 
The Dicotyledons are subdivided into two sub-classes; viz.: 
Sub-class 1. Archichlamydee. 
Sub-class 2. Sympetale or Metachlamydez. 
Druc YreELpiInGc DicoTyLEDONS 
Sus-CLAss ARCHICHLAMYDE 
Those dicotyledonous plants in which the petals are distinct 
and separate from one another or are entirely wanting. That 
group of the Archichlamydez whose flowers show the absence 
of petals and frequently of sepals is called the Apetale. The 
group whose plants have flowers showing the parts of their 
corolla (petals) separate and distinct is called the Choripetale or 
Polypetale. 
ORDER PIPERALES 
PIPERACEZ OR PEPPER Famity.—A family of apetalous aro- 
matic herbs and shrubs with jointed stems, opposite, verticillate, 
or sometimes alternate leaves without stipules, and spiked, 
inconspicuous, wind-pollinated flowers. The characteristic fruit 
is a drupe enclosing a single, upright, albuminous seed with 
abundant perisperm (from megasporangial tissue) and reduced 
endosperm (from matured embryo sac). 
OrriciAL Druc Part UsEpD BorAnicAL NAME HAsitat 
Cubeba Unripe fruit Piper Cubeba Borneo, Java 
Sumatra 
UnorrFiciAL DrucG 
Piper (Pepper) . Unripe fruit Piper nigrum Cochin-China, 
India 
Piper Longum Spike of imma- fae longum as 
_ ture. fruit Piper officinarum 
Kava Rhizome and Piper methysticum ‘Sandwich Islands 
: roots : 
Matico Leaves Piper angusti- Peru, Bolivia 
folium 
OrDER SALICALES 
SALICACE2 OR WILLOW FamiLy.—Shrubs or trees of tem- 
perate or cold regions, with upright woody stems, rarely herbs 
(Salix retusa). Bark often containing bitter principles (Salicin, 
etc.). 
