THE DICOTYLEDONS 535 
epicalyx (Strawberry, Cinquefoil, Kousso, etc.), persistent round 
fruit. Petals usually yellow to white or pink, crimson, rarely 
purple, rosaceous, deciduous. Stamens indefinite, perigynous 
(Strawberry, etc.), to semi-epigynous (Rose, Peach, etc.), 
and epigynous (Apple, Pear, Quince).  Pistil apocarpous with 
many (Strawberry, Rose) carpels or fewer to five (Apple), 
or two to one (Plum, Cherry), becoming falsely fused by union 
with upgrowing receptacle (Hawthorn, Quince, Pear, Apple). 
Fruit a collection of achenes on dry (Cinquefoil) or succulent 
receptacle (Strawberry), or dry follicles (Bridal Wreath), or 
drupels (Blackberry), or a drupe (Peach, Plum, Cherry), or a 
pome (Apple, Quince, Pear). Seeds exalbuminous, embryo 
filling seed cavity. . 
Some botanists divide this family into three sub-families, each 
of which, in the former American System, had been given the 
rank of afamily. These according to this system of classification 
are: Rosacea, Malacee and Amygdalacee. Rosacez include the 
genera Geum, Agrimonia, Duchesnia, Fragaria, Potentilla, Wald- 
steinia, Cercocarpus, Spirea, Rubus, Dalibarda and Rosa. 
Malacee include the genera Sorbus (Mt. Ash), Malus (Crab 
Apple and Apple), Amelanchier (Service Berry and Shad Bush), 
Pyrus (Pear), Aronia (Choke Berry), Crategus (Hawthorn) and 
Cotoneaster (Christ’s Thorn). 
Amygdalacee comprise the genera Prunus (Plum group), Padus 
(Wild Cherry group) and Amygdalus (Almond and Peach group). 
OrriciAL Druc Part Usep  BoraAnicAL ORIGIN HAsitat 
Prunus Virginiana Bark Prunus serotina United States and 
Canada 
Quillaja Inner bark Quillaja Saponaria Chile and Peru 
Rosa Petals Rosa gallica W. Asia and S. Europe 
Oleum Rosz Vol. oil Rosa gallica id Asia and 8. Europe 
Rosa damascena Balkans 
Rubus Idzeus Fresh ripe Rubus Idzus and —_— Europe and Asia 
fruit Rubus strigosus _ 
Prunus Cerasus Fresh ripe Prunus Cerasus Asia Minor 
fruit 
Oleum Amygdale Vol. oil from Amygdalus commu- W. Asia 
Amare kernels nis, Prunus persica, 
etc. 
Oleum Amygdalze Fixed oil Amygdalus commu- W. Asia 
Expressum nis (var’s.) 
