THE DICOTYLEDONS 545 
UnoFFICIAL DruG Part Usep BOTANICAL ORIGIN HABITAT 
Guaiaci Lignum —_ Heartwood G. officinale and G. ie Indies and S. 
sanctum America 
RutTAceE& oR Rue Famity.—Herbs (Rue), shrubs (Zaborandi 
and Buchu) or trees (Orange, Lemon, Grape Fruit, etc.). Stems 
upright, often wiry and xerophytic in the Rue sub-family or 
Rutee, elongated and spiny in the 
Prickly Ash sub-family or Zanthoxy- 
lee, woody and green in the Citrus 
sub-family or Aurantiee. Leaves 
alternate or opposite, simple (Buchu), 
rarely whorled (Pilocarpus) or pin- 
natifid, as in the Rue plant (Ruta 
graveolens), or pinnate, as lower parts 
of Ruta graveolens, becoming reduced ° 
pinnate in the Orange (Citrus 
Aurantium). Leaves exstipulate or 
with spiny stipules (anthoxylum). 
Stems and leaves abound in more 
or less sunken glands. Flowers 
pentamerous, varying in color from 
yellow in Ruta to white in Citrus to 
pink (Barosma betulina) or pink crim- 
son, as in some Barosma and Diosma 
species, rarely to pinkish-purple 
(Pilocarpus); sepals five, aposepalous, 
becoming in Cztrus more or less Fic. 414.—Barosma betulina, the 
synsepalous; petals five, apopetalous, yoni ie agape . Ls 
becoming more or less synpetalous (¢,,,,.) 
and tubular (Correa grandiflora); 
stamens five, simple or with expanded bases, lobed, or lobes 
developed as staminal stipules and more or less split (Citrus); 
pistil of ten, five, three or two carpels, ovary as many-celled, 
with frequently 2 to 1 ovules in each cell. Fruit a capsule 
(Dittany, Zanthoxylum), a hesperidium (Citrus) or rarely a samara, 
as in the Wafer Ash (Ptelea). Seeds albuminous or exalbuminous. 
Many of the plants contain volatile oils in their secretory 
cavities. 
