THE DICOTYLEDONS 551 
pentamerous, moncecious; sepals five, green, aposepalous, 
becoming rudimentary or absent in Euphorbia. Petals none or 
five more or less petaloid; stamens numerous to ten to five or one 
(Euphorbia); pistil in pistillate flowers rarely of twenty to ten 
apocarpous or loosely syncarpous carpels (Sandbox tree), com- 
monly of three syncarpous carpels with distinct radiate styles; 
ovary as many-celled as carpels with two to one ovule in each 
cell. Fruit a tricoccoid regma or capsule, rarely winged, 
indehiscent, nutlike. Seeds with oily endosperm. Flowers at 
times surrounded and subtended by more or less petaloid and 
expanded bracts and bracteoles. 
OrrFictAL Drauc Part Usep BOTANICAL ORIGIN HABITAT 
Euphorbia Herb Euphorbia pilulifera India 
‘ Pilulifera 
Stillingia Root Stillingia sylvatica Southern United 
: States 
Kamala Hairs of capsule = Mallotus philip- Asia 
pinensis 
Oleum Ricini Fixed oil Ricinus communis _ India 
Oleum Tiglii Fixed oil Croton Tiglium Asia 
UNOFFICIAL 
Druc 
Tapioca Starch Manihot utilissima South America 
Elastica Prepared latex Hevea braziliensis —_ Brazil 
(Rubber) and other species 
Cascarilla Bark Croton Eluteria West Indies 
Euphorbium Resinous latex Euphorbia resinifera Morocco 
Tung Oil Fixed oil Aleurites cordata China 
OrDER SAPINDALES 
ANACARDIACEZ OR SUMAC Famity.—Shrubs or trees pro- 
ducing in stems and leaves secretion contents that are either 
acrid-watery or acrid-opalescent or white-viscid, viscid-acrid 
and poisonous. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, simple (Rhus 
Cotinus), three foliate (Rhus toxicodendron) or pinnate (Rhus 
glabra, R. venenata, etc.). Inflorescence frequently terminal and 
composed of racemes of cymes, often reduced to a simple raceme. 
Flowers small, clustered, green, greenish-white to greenish- 
yellow; sepals five, rarely six or four green, small; petals five, 
smaller than sepals; stamens equal in number to the petals and 
alternate, rarely fewer, sometimes double in number, rarely 
