554 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 
climes (Cardiospermum) containing the glucoside saponin. Stem 
erect or climbing (Paullinia) often provided with tendrils. 
Leaves commonly alternate and compound. Flowers in racemes 
or panicles (Paullinia) or corymbs (Cardiospermum), perfect or 
polygamodicecious, yellowish in Paullinia Cupana. Fruit a 
poe: | capsule (P. Cupana), samara, 
7 os + drupe or berry (Sapindus). Seeds 
exalbuminous. 
OrriciAL Druc PART UsEpD 
Guarana Dried Paste, made 
_ from crushed seed 
BoTANICAL ORIGIN Hapsirat 
Paullinia Cupana Brazil 
ACERACE& OR MAPLE 
Famity.—Chiefly trees, occa- 
sionally shrubs, of temperate 
regions with watery sap. Leaves 
opposite, simple and palmately 
lobed or cleft (Acer) or pinnate 
: (Negundo). Inflorescence a 
Fic. sone Te da raceme, condensing in some 
(Rhamnus purshiana). Leaf and fruiting Species to a capitulum of cymes. 
branch. The cured bark constitutes Flowers small, regular, poly- 
a valuable tonic-laxative. (Reproduced amous or diccci : if 
from U. S. Dept. Agric. Misc. Publ. 77.) ® cious; sepals five 
to four, green; petals none or five, 
variously colored; stamens usually eight, hypogynous_ or 
perigynous; nectar disc around stamens or between them and 
pistil; pistil bicarpellary with two-celled ovary. Fruit a samara. 
Seeds green, exalbuminous with coiled or folded embryo and long 
thin cotyledons. 
UnorrictAL DruG PART Usep BoranicAL Oricin 
: HABITAT 
Acer Spicatum Bark Acer spicatum 
United States 
ORDER RHAMNALES 
RHAMNACEA OR BUCKTHORN Fami_y.—Shrubs or low trees 
usually of branching or spreading habit. Branches either 
cylindric, long, green or hardened, checked back and spines- 
cent, occasionally, especially flowering branches, developing 
