568 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 
etc.), to greatly condensed (Mamillaria). Leaves alternate, stip- 
ulate or exstipulate, enlarged and more or less fleshy (Pereskia), 
becoming reduced, green and semicircular (Opuntia), or modified 
into spines, or wholly absorbed. Flowers regular, solitary, or 
fascicled in axils of leaves; sepals five; petals similar to sepals, 
petaloid, small to much enlarged, in color varying from yellow 
to white or from yellow to yellowish-pink, pink, scarlet or crim- 
son; stamens indefinite, inserted at varying levels in the throat 
Fic. 430.—The peyote cactus, Lophophora Williamsii, a perennial herb whose 
dried tops yield the drug known as peyote or mescal buttons. This drug has been 
used by the Aztec and Kiowa Indians as an intoxicant in their religious ceremonies. 
A, side view; B, view from above; #, /?, tubercle; r rib; ¢’, scar of tubercle of older 
growth. xX 4. 
of a greatly expanded upgrown receptacle; _pistil generally 
tricarpellary; ovary inferior, often deeply sunk in upgrown 
receptacular part; style thread-like, divided above into as many 
stigmas as carpels. Fruit a receptacular berry enclosing numer- 
ous small seeds. Seeds exalbuminous. 
OrriciAL Druc Parr Usep BOTANICAL ORIGIN 
Cactus Fresh succulent 
Grandiflorus stem 
UnorrictAL Druc 
Peyote Crown of plant Lophophora Williamsii Mexico 
HaAsitrat 
Selenicereus grandiflorust Jamaica 
ORDER MyrTALES OR MyrTIFLORA 
This order includes trees, shrubs and herbs, most of which 
possess tetramerous flowers with an inferior ovary. It contains 
