Bitch i Sea eee i i nS xe ae ace 
570 | PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 
opposite, exstipulate, coriaceous, simple, varying from lanceolate 
to ovate. Inflorescence a condensed raceme or spike. Flowers 
perfect, polygamous or dicecious, small, with calyx alone of the 
perianth parts developed. This is crimson-purple in Daphne 
Mezereum. Sepals usually fused to form a tube or cup-shaped 
perianth. Stamens usually eight in two rows of four longer 
and four shorter (Daphne Mezereum) inserted on the calyx tube. 
Pistil monocarpellary; ovary superior, mostly one-celled with a 
single pendulous ovule. Fruit a nut, drupe or berry (Daphne). 
OrFIcIAL DruG Part Usep BoTANICAL ORIGIN HABITAT 
Joe Mezereum 
Daphne Gnidium Europe and Asia 
Daphne Laureola 
Mezereum Bark 
LYTHRACEZ OR LoosestrirE Famity.—Herbs, as Swamp 
Loosestrife (Decodon), Cigar plant (Cuphea) etc., shrubs (Law- 
sonia) or low trees containing astringent principles. Leaves 
either alternate, opposite or whorled, simple, exstipulate, usually 
lanceolate to ovate, entire, often glandular, viscous and contain- 
ing idioblasts. Stems and leaves possess bicollateral bundles. 
Inflorescence a raceme, spike, or condensed cyme. Flowers 
perfect, often dimorphic or trimorphic, as in the spiked or purple 
loosestrife (Lythrum Salicaria), usually regular, but pass more or 
less to irregular, sometimes very irregular as in genus Cuphea; 
Calyx tubular, 3 to many toothed, the tube ribbed; sepals seven to 
four, petals equal in number and alternate with the inner teeth 
of the calyx, inserted on the mouth of the calyx tube, rarely 
absent; stamens fifteen, ten, or five in alternate rows of five each, 
inserted hypogynously or perigynously; pistil six-, five-, four-, 
two-, to one-carpeled with as many cavities in the ovary and 
numerous small ovules; style elongate with knobbed or 2-lobed 
stigma. Fruit a capsule. Seeds anatropous, exalbuminous. 
Calcium oxalate occurs in rosette aggregates and monoclinic 
prisms. 
UnorriciAL Druc Part Usep . BoTANICAL ORIGIN 
Hasrrar 
Lawsonia Leaves Lawsonia inermis N. Africa to 
(Henna) as 
GRANATACEZ (PUNICACEZ) OR POMEGRANATE Famity.—A 
small family of shrubs and trees all of which are included in the 
