THE DICOTYLEDONS | 607 
OrrFIciAL DruG PART UsEp BoTANICAL ORIGIN HABITAT 
Sambucus Flower (air- Sambucus canadensis) United States 
dried) 1 Sambucus nigra Europe 
Viburnum Viburnum Eastern and 
Prunifolium Bark of root prunifolium st United 
States 
Viburnum Opulus Bark Viburnum Opulus United States 
var. americanum and Canada 
ORDER CUCURBITALES 
CucuRBITACE2 OR GourD Fami_y.—Herbaceous, succulent, 
very often annual (Colocynth, Pumpkin, etc.), more rarely perennial 
(Bryonia, etc.), rarely shrubby 
plants, the perennial and shrubby 
forms perennating by swollen 
roots, some of which are heavy 
and tuberous. Stemsvery usually 
grooved and ridged, often pro- 
vided with roughened and barbed 
hairs. ‘Tendrils are frequently 
produced in the axils of leaves 
from tendril axillary buds (Pump- 
kin, Colocynth, Watermelon, 
Cucumber, Bryony, etc.). Leaves 
varying from entire, simple, usu- 
ally deltoid to triangular through 
stages of trilobate, pentalobate, 
deeply palmatifid to palmatipar- 
tite to seldom approaching com- 
pound (Colocynth). Venation in 
nearly all cases palmate. Leaves thin, herbaceous, much expand- 
ed, often hairy. Vascular bundles of petioles, branches and 
stems bicollateral. Inflorescence either of loose cymes or more 
frequently racemes or spikes or entire axillary inflorescence may 
become solitary axillary. Flowers pentamerous, very rarely 
tetramerous, moncecious (Bryonia alba) or dicecious (Bryonta dioica) ; 
sepals 5, gamosepalous, adnate to ovary; corolla of 5, rarely 4 
gamopetalous petals varying in size and shape from small to large 
campanulate (Pumpkin) or broadly cup-shaped (Cucumber), 
Fic. 462.—Colocynth—Portion of 
vine and whole fruit. (Sayre.) 
