Meg ey ee Mee Peay cee 
608 PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 
and in color from greenish-yellow to greenish-white to pure yellow — 
to yellowish-white to white; stamens typically 5, epigynous, with 
anthers either joined by pairs or synantherous; carpels usually 3, 
rarely 4 or 5, fused to form a compound pistil with a short thick 
style and lobed stigma; ovary inferior, one- to three-celled. Fruit 
a pepo (a berry from an inferior ovary with thick skin). Seeds 
flat and exalbuminous. 
OrrFiciAL Druc PArt UsEepD BoTANICAL ORIGIN HABITAT 
Bryonia Root ea alba E 
et iad urope 
Bryonia dioica 
Colocynthis » Pulp of unripe —Ciitrullus Colocyn- Africa and Asia 
but full grown __ this 
fruit 
UnorriciAL Druc 
Pepo Seed Cucurbita Pepo Probably Tropi- 
(cultivated varieties) cal America 
Elaterinum Principle from Ecballium Elaterium Mediterranean 
elaterium region 
Watermelon Seed Seeds Citrullus vulgaris Southern Asia 
Momordica (Balsam Fruit Momordica East Indies 
apple) Balsamina 
ORDER VALERIANALES 
This order includes the Valerianacee or Valerian Family and 
the Dipsacee or Teasel Family. Both are represented by herbs 
with flowers having an inferior ovary containing a single ovule. 
VALERIANACEZ OR VALERIAN Famity.—Herbaceous often 
low succulent plants with creeping rhizomes, frequently strongly 
scented and possessing stimulating properties. Leaves fre- 
quently dimorphic; radical fascicled; cauline opposite; petiole 
dilated, exstipulate. Inflorescence a raceme of dichasial or 
scorpioid cymes. Flowers more or less irregular; calyx absent 
as such, but represented by a series of teeth that are incurved 
in the bud and flower and which expand later into a pappose 
crown and act in the fruit as a pappose disseminator; corolla 
pentamerous, gamopetalous, varying from rotate-synpetalous 
to irregular-tubular with petals diversely united, in color varying 
from greenish-white to white or pink (Valeriana officinalis) to 
crimson; stamens three to two or one (Valerian), epipetalous; 
pistil syncarpous; ovary usually one-celled, inferior; style filiform 
with three stigmatic surfaces. Fruit an akene from inferior 
Se ee ee IT enn ee ea 
Eee a en eee wae 
