THE DICOTYLEDONS 611 
strap-shaped or ligulate and usually pistillate (Daisy, Dahlia, 
etc.); or (¢) florets all ligulate and hermaphrodite (Dandelion, 
Chicory, etc.); or (d) florets in part or in whole bilabiate (Muti- 
sia, etc.). Flowers small (florets), closely crowded, pentamerous, 
shaped as above, with ovary inferior and other floral parts supe- 
rior. Sepals rudimentary, tooth-like (Sunflower), or reduced 
Fic. 464.—Capitulum of a composite. Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tubero- 
sus). A, lengthwise section of capitulum, X 1; B, ray flower, X 6; C, disk flower, 
cut lengthwise, X 6. (A after Baillon, B and C, Robbins.) 
toa pappose or hairy rudiment above the ovary that is function- 
less during flowering, but that expands in fruit as a hairy fruit 
disseminator (Dandelion, Thistle, etc.); or sepals wholly 
absorbed (Daisy). Petals synpetalous, tubular, ligulate OF 
rarely bilabiate, greenish-yellow to white, or through pink- 
crimson and purple to blue (Chicory). Stamens five, epi- 
petalous, filaments distinct, anthers united into an upright 
anther-box (so synantherous) into which pollen is shed before or 
