GENERIC DIAGNOSIS AND SYNONYMY 21 



in Icones 5: 14. 1842, with a brief paragraph in German. See also 

 Matruchot, Rev. Gen. Bet. 7: 321, Ph 16. 1895; and Bainier, Bui. 

 See. Mycol. France 23: 111-112, PI. XV. 1907. 



The essential characters given by Corda were: Conidiophores erect 

 septate, penicillately branching above; branches and branchlets septate, 

 appressed, forming a solitary gelatinous head; conidia unicellular, borne 

 upon the tips of branchlets and held together by mucilaginous substance 

 in a dense mass. The genus Gliodadium was thus described as reproducing 

 the gro^\'th habits, mycelium, conidiophores and conidial apparatus of 

 Penicillium except that the conidia borne successively from the tips of 

 sterigmata did not adhere in chains but became enveloped in mucilaginous 

 drops which increased in size with the increased numbers of conidia, fol- 

 lowed by the fusion of the masses upon adjacent sterigmata, then often 

 the fusion of these mucilaginous masses with those from adjacent penicilli 

 to produce large balls of conidia. See figs. 168 and 169 of this INIanual. 



Matruchot (1895) described perithecia and ascospore formation in cer- 

 tain species but this has not been confirmed by others. In our experience, 

 the forms constantly encountered in culture are purely conidial. Addi- 

 tional comparative studies of structure in conidial, and if possible asco- 

 sporic forms are necessary before Gliodadium and Penicillium can be ac- 

 curately placed with reference to each other among the Ascomycetes. 



Gymnoascus Baranetzky, in Bot. Zeit. 30: 158. 1872. 



Diagnosis taken from Saccardo Syll. 8: p. 823. 1889 : Ascogenous masses 

 clustered, small, asci obovate, 8-spored; more or less surrounded by masses 

 of mycelium; sporidia ovoid, hyaline 1-celled. In Sylloge 11: p. 437 

 (1895), Saccardo transferred Penicillium luteum Zukal to Gymnoascus. 

 Cultures have been constantly encountered with ascogenous structures 

 showing the morphology of Gymnoascus and conidial structures definitely 

 penicillate. Other species, obviously closely related, produce perithecia 

 with more or less definite walls. We have hesitated to assign species so 

 obviously belonging together to Gymnoascus if they are wdthout wall, and 

 to Penicillium if they show perithecial walls. 



Isaria Persoon, in "Disp.," pp. 41, 74. 1797. 



Many years ago, Atkinson (1894) pointed out the occurrence of Peni- 

 ciUium-like fruits in cultures known to arise from species of Isaria. This 

 was readily demonstrated from time to time when insects bearing coremia 

 of the Isaria-type were brought in and cultures were made from their 

 conidia. Studies of these forms revealed a fairly characteristic type of 

 structure. Occasionally one of these forms produces coremia in agar 



