140 A MANUAL OF THE PENICILLIA 



2.0 to 2.5 cm. in two weeks, in texture and appearance essentially as on 

 Czapek but with surface looser textured and deeper; exudate more abun- 

 dant, deep maroon; penicilli usually lacking; not developing asci and asco- 

 spores within one month. 



Colonies on malt agar about 1.5 to 2.0 cm. in two weeks, 0.5 to 1.0 mm. 

 deep, plane or nearly so, consisting of a dense layer of perithecia adjacent 

 to the agar surface (fig. 37B), commonly overgrown by a thin, loose network 

 of orange to light brown aerial hyphae, lending to the colony its character- 

 istic texture and color; penicilli very few in number, strictly monoverti- 

 cillate, on short branches from submerged or trailng hyphae, not affecting 

 the colony appearance; no exudate or odor; reverse in dull In-own shades. 



Colonies on hay infusion agar restricted, about 2.5 to 3.0 cm. in three to 

 four weeks, very thin, vegetative mycelium largely submerged, producing 

 numerous perithecia in an uneven layer at the agar surface to give a granu- 

 lar effect (fig. 37D), in tan to brown shades; penicilli very few in number, 

 developing primarily at the colony margins in old plates, strictly mono- 

 verticillate, borne on short branches from sulimerged or trailing hyphae; 

 conidiophores short, usually 50m or less and commonly 25 to 40m hi length 

 by about 1.5^ in diameter, smooth-walled, bearing small penicilli consisting 

 of verticils of 3 to 6 parallel sterigmata; sterigmata mostly 7 or 8/i by 1.2 

 to 1.5m with conidium-bearing tips slightly narrowed; cqnidia at first defi- 

 nitely elliptical, about 1.5 to 2.0m by 1.2 to 1.5m, in age becoming almost 

 subglobose, mostly 1.5 to 1.8m in diameter, smooth-walled, adhering in 

 fairly long chains in fluid mounts. Perithecia spherical to oblong, mostly 

 100m Of less in diameter (fig. 37E), occasionally up to 150m, surrounded by 

 very thin wefts of sterile hyphae, at first tending to be sclerotioid and of 

 uniform texture throughout, consisting of heavy-walled parenchyma-like 

 cells, ripening late from the center outward, beginning to develop asci and 

 ascospores in three to four weeks, at two months filling the perithecium 

 except for an outer wall 2 to 3 cells thick; asci apparently borne as lateral 

 branches from fertile hyphae, chains not seen, round to oval in outline, 

 about 6 to 7m at maturity, 8-spored; ascospores lenticular, very small, 2.0 to 

 2.4m by 1.5 to 1.8m, with walls definitely roughened and with two prominent 

 equatorial ridges rather widely separated to give a definite pulley-like 

 appearance (fig. 37F). 



Colonies on cornmeal agar spreading slowly, 5 to 6 cm. in four weeks, very 

 thin, vegetative mycelium submerged; perithecia produced abundantly 

 along radiating dendroid lines (fig. 37C), almost naked but surrounded by 

 very sparse hj^phal networks to give a conspicuously granular appearance 

 to the colony, perithecia developing and ripening as on hay agar; penicilh 

 usually absent. 



