MONOVERTICILLATA 145 



have been examined in our current study. One of these, NRRL 2083, re- 

 ceived in November 1946, from Wm. I. lUman, l^niversity of Toronto, ap- 

 parently duphcates the original type almost exactly. Perithecia are pro- 

 duced in great numbers and these average about 150^ as reported by Dodge. 

 They are light tan in color and are rounded to oblong. Perithecia ripen 

 quickly and are often filled with mature ascospores within two weeks. The 

 ascospores agree closely with the species description in form and dimensions 

 (fig. 39F), and in comparative mounts are indistinguishable from the few 

 still produced by the type, NRRL 710. The conidial apparatus likewise 

 duplicates Dodge's original figures and description. Since Dodge did not 

 include detailed colony descriptions in his diagnosis, these are presented for 

 NRRL 2083: 



Colonies on Czapek's solution agar attaining a diameter of 3 to 4 cm. in 

 two weeks, radially furrowed with central area commonly raised, consisting 

 of a comparatively thin basal felt with surface loosely floccose (fig. 39 A), 

 mostly in white to light yellow shades, usually light sporing, conidial struc- 

 tures borne largely from the aerial mycelium, commonly not affecting the 

 colony appearance but sometimes abundantly produced in localized sectors; 

 perithecia numerous, often developing after ten days to two weeks, usually 

 in a layer adjacent to the agar surface, commonly obscured by the overlying 

 vegetative growth, occasionally appearing massed in sectors predominantly 

 perithecial, spherical to oblong, from 100 to 200^ in diameter (fig. 39E), 

 flesh to light tan (sandy) in color; exudate limited, clear; odor lacking or 

 indefinite; reverse in bright to dull yellow shades becoming brown in age. 



Colonies on steep agar as above but growing more rapidly, 5.0 to 5.5 cm. 

 in two weeks, somewhat zonate, heavier sporing with conidial areas in dull 

 gray-green shades, perithecia developing as above but more abundantly. 



Colonies on malt agar spreading broadly, about 6 cm. in diameter, gener- 

 ally plane, appearing definitely granular to the unaided eye (fig. 39B), but 

 with central area floccose and comparatively heavy-sporing; perithecia 

 very numerous, in a dense layer at the agar surface, in form and dimensions 

 as described above, when massed lending to the colony a flesh to avellaneous 

 (Ridgway, PI. XL) color, developing abundant ripe ascospores in 10 to 

 12 days. 



Penicilliwn hrefddianum should be regarded as comprising a variable 

 series of strains obviously interrelated but showing considerable individ- 

 uality. NRRL 2091, isolated from Nicaragua soil in October 1945, essen- 

 tially duplicates NRRL 2083 as described above; NRRL 2092, isolated 

 from a sample of soil from Johannesburg, South Africa, in November 1945, 

 differs primarily in producing ascospores more coarsely roughened as in 

 P. ehrlichii but without the conspicuous equatorial furrows seen in that 

 species; and NRRL 2093, isolated from a sample of soil from Sao Paulo, 



