24 A MANUAL OF THE PENICILLIA 



more or less enlarged, tapering into long conidium-producing tubes mostly 

 curved or bent slightly from the axis of the sterigmata; sterigmata occur 

 variously in terminal groups approximating the appearance of a Peni- 

 cillium, or partly in Penicillium-like verticils with conidium -bearing tubes 

 and conidial chains divergent, partly variously arranged on short branch- 

 lets, or again occurring singly and laterally upon fertile hyphae; conidia 

 elliptical; conidial areas never green. See fig. 170 of this Manual. 



Bainier failed to describe accessory structures which appear more or 

 less commonly in all strains, and very abundanth^ in certain members of 

 this genus. These were regarded as macrospores by Home and William- 

 son (1923) and made the basis of transferring these species to Eidamia. 



Olliver and Smith (1933) described as Byssochlamys fulva an ascosporic 

 form with a Paecilomyces-like conidial stage (see p. 951). 



Scopulariopsis Bainier, in Bui. Soc. Mycol. France 23: 98-104, PI. XI. 

 1907. Type species: Penicillium hrevicaule Saccardo. 



Synonym: Acaulium Sopp, q.v. 



Bainier's discursive description presented valid observations together 

 with characters that seem to us untenable. Nevertheless, study of a 

 great many strains of the group lead to the conclusion that these organisms 

 are not closely related to the usual types of Penicillia, hence may properly 

 be segregated. Since Scopulariopsis was published in 1907 and Acaulium 

 Sopp in 1912, the former should be accepted. See fig. 171 of this Manual. 



Scopulariopsis Bainier, was emended by Thom in The Penicillia, p. 28, 

 1930 as follows: Colonies never green; conidial apparatus partly Peni- 

 illium-like, partly in reduced and variant aggregations of sterigmata and 

 branches or even single scattered sterigmata; sterigmata either Penicillium- 

 like or more or less specialized, tapering gradually from a basal tubular 

 section toward a conidium producing apex from which successive conidia 

 are cut off by cross-walls. Conidia initially more or less pointed at the 

 apex and truncate at the base with a more or less thickened basal ring 

 surrounding a basal germinal pore, with walls usually thickened and often 

 variously marked or roughened. Members of the genus appear as agents 

 of decomposition after the usual green Penicillia have ceased to be active; 

 that is, in the last phases of decay. 



Emmons and Dodge (1931) described as Microascus trigonosporus a 

 form with black ostiolate perithecia and the conidial phase of a Scopulariop- 

 sis. 



Spicaria Harz, in Bui. de la Soc. Imp. des Naturalistes de Moscou 44: 51. 



1871. 



Molds simulating Penicillia in appearance but bearing conidia on long 

 tapered sterigmata that are borne in verticils and strongly divergent 



