228 A MANUAL OF THE PENICILLIA 



Within the series, individual strains vary from essentially floceose, 

 showing only a limited development of ropiness, to strongly funiculose 

 with this character dominant in growing colonies. Strains likewise vary 

 in the quantity of conidia produced and in the color of conidial masses. 

 They further vary in the markings and to a lesser degree in the dimensions 

 of conidia. Particular cultures may, therefore, differ rather markedly in 

 their general appearance and characteristics. Zaleski (1928) studying the 

 mycoflora of soils from coniferous forests in Poland, isolated a number of 

 strains, and, apparently emphasizing differences rather than similarities, 

 described at least four of these forms as representing new and separate 

 species, namely: Penicillium adametzi, P. niklewskii, P. paczoskii, and 

 P. terlikowskii. Careful comparison of his species descriptions and re- 

 examination of his original cultures, as they have been maintained in our 

 Collection and at the Centraalbureau in Baarn, fails to reveal adequate 

 bases for recognition of all four species. These strains seem to fall into a 

 graded series. Believing it to be most tangible, we have somewhat ar- 

 bitrarily selected P. adametzi Zaleski as representative of the series and 

 present a detailed description centered upon Zaleski 's type of this species, 

 but broadened sufficiently to include additional strains that are obviously 

 closely related. Penicillium terlikowskii Zaleski is recognized to include 

 forms in which ropiness is reduced and which produce conidia in fairly 

 definite columns, somewhat larger and definitely roughened. 



Members of the series show an unusual instability in artificial culture, 

 often developing into "wet" and almost sterile strains after a few transfers. 

 For this reason they tend to be quickly lost from collections. 



Penicillium adametzi Zaleski, in Bui. Acad. Polonaise Sci: Math, et Nat. 



Ser. B, pp. 507-509; Taf. 47 and 61. 1927. See also, Thom, 



The Penicillia, pp. 194-195. 1930. 



Colonies upon Czapek's solution agar growing fairly rapidly, 4 to 5 

 cm. in diameter in 14 days at room temperature, with mycelium forming a 

 dense, tough, papery felt perhaps 500m thick, buckled and more or less 

 radiately wrinkled in the central area (figs. 63A and C), often becoming 

 pronouncedly zonate in age, with conidial zones in pale yellow-green shades 

 such as tea green to gnaphalium green (Ridgway, PI. XLVII), with sur- 

 face growth in the conidial areas characterized by the production of trail- 

 ing simple hyphae and the development of prominent funicles or ropes of 

 hyphae (fig. 62A), either prostrate, trailing, or ascending and sometimes 

 elaborately branched, with conidiophores borne mostly as short perpen- 

 dicular branches from individual hyphae or ropes of hyphae; reverse color- 

 less to orange-yellow in shades such as tawny olive to Saccardo's umber 

 (R., PI. XXIX), with agar in lighter values of the same shades; exudate 



