268 A MANUAL OF THE PENICILLIA 



packed, 8 to 10m by 2.2 to 2.8/i, without definite conidium-bearing tubes; 

 conidia elliptical, mostly 3.0 to 3.5m by 2.5 to 2.8m but variable in the same 

 mount and sometimes showing individual cells up to 7 or 8m by 3.5 to 

 4.5m, smooth- walled, often adherent in long chains in fluid mounts. Peri- 

 thecia abundantly produced, appearing in central colony areas after 4 to 5 

 days and developing progressively with the enlargement of the colony, 

 spherical to more or less oblong (fig. 71C) ranging from 100 to 200m in 

 diameter, composed of heavy-walled parenchyma-like cells, sclerotioid, 

 ripening slowly from the center outward, developing limited asci and as- 

 cospores after four weeks or more, asci arising as branches from fertile 

 hyphae often appearing in short chains, 10 to 12m in diameter when mature, 

 8-spored; ascospores broadly elliptical, about 5.0 to 5.5m by 4.0 to 4.5m, 

 occasionally up to 6.0 or 6.5m in long axis, showing two prominent equa- 

 torial ridges, about 0.5 to 1.0m in width, usually close together and some- 

 times appearing as a single ridge, as illustrated by van Beyma, convex 

 spore surfaces definitely roughened (fig. 7 ID). 



Colonies on steep agar essentially as on Czapek but growing more 

 rapidly, developing abundant perithecia within 7 to 8 days, penicilli very 

 few in number; ascosporic stage as on Czapek. 



Colonies on malt agar attaining a diameter of 4.0 to 5.0 cm. in 12 to 

 14 days, plane, thin, consisting of a dense layer of perithecia (fig. 71B), 

 completely covering the agar surface in the colony center but at times 

 partially obscured by a limited development of aerial hyphae, colony sur- 

 face appearing somewhat granular; penicilli more abundantly produced 

 than on Czapek but similar in form and dimensions, conidiophores generally 

 shorter; ascosporic stage as on Czapek but developing ripe asci and as- 

 cospores within 3 to 4 weeks. 



Species description based upon van Beyma's type, received in December 

 1945, from the Centraalbureau and subsequently entered in our Collection 

 as NRRL 2086. The type was isolated originally from soil collected at 

 Baarn, Netherlands. The above species description agrees closely with 

 van Beyma's original diagnosis except that he reported perithecia ranging 

 from 200 to 300m in diameter and described and illustrated ascospores as 

 smooth-walled and showing a single prominent equatorial crest. 



The perithecium of PeniciUium haarnense van Beyma develops first 

 as a sclerotioid mass of thick-walled, parenchyma-like cells. Subse- 

 quently there develops in the central area of this mass an extensive, closely 

 interwoven mycelial network which frequently slips out as a unit when 

 the outer crust of the perithecium, still somewhat sclerotioid, is broken 

 up. The asci seem to develop at irregular intervals on this mycelium and 

 to be clustered to a considerable degree. They appear to develop as 

 lateral branches and when floating free are commonly seen in short chains 



