234 A MANUAL OF THE PENICILLIA 



smootli (fide Zaleski) or delicately punctate (Thom). NRRL 751, received in 1928 

 from the Centraalbureau as Zaleski 's type, is believed to remain representative of 

 Zaleski 's original strain. A second substrain of his type, received from the same 

 source in June 1946, duplicates NRRL 751 except colonies are more definitely funicu- 

 lose and the conidia are generally globose rather than subglobose. Careful examina- 

 tion of the original description and of the cultures now available has failed to furnish 

 adequate bases for the separation of P. paczoskii and P. terlikowskii. While the 

 decision is recognized as somewhat arbitrary, it is believed that the latter should be 

 recognized as the more distinctive species and the former considered as a synonym. 



Penicillium jantho-citrinum Biourge (Monograph, La Cellule 33: fasc. 1, pp. 311- 

 313; Col. PI. IX, Cart. 1,P1. XV, fig. 90. 1923) possibly represented a species approxi- 

 mating P. terlikowskii Zaleski. No culture of this species was received by Thom in 

 1924, hence no assignment was made in his Monograph (1930). A strain bearing this 

 label was received from the Centraalbureau in May 1946, as a culture from Biourge 

 in 1929. This strain duplicates, essentially, NRRL 751 (see above). If the strain 

 from Baarn can be assumed to represent Biourge's species, P. jantho-citrinum should 

 be regarded as belonging with P. terlikowskii. The original description and figures 

 are inadequate to warrant recognition of this species, in preference to P. terlikowskii, 

 despite the priority of the name. 



ViNACEous Sub-Series 



Two species are included, Penicillium vinaceum Oilman and Abbott 

 and P. phoeniceum v. Beyma, both of which are characterized by the pro- 

 duction of intense vinaceous to purple pigmentation in the colony reverse 

 and in the surrounding agar. 



In rate of growth, in colony habit and texture, and in details of structure, 

 Penicillium vinaceum is strongly suggestive of the species that comprise 

 the P. adametzi series proper. Colonies are floccose-funiculose, conidio- 

 phores are generally borne as short branches from aerial hyphae or ropes 

 of hyphae, and penicilli are comparatively small. It differs from P. 

 adametzi and P. terlikowskii markedly, however, in producing highly pig- 

 mented colonies with profuse exudate and colony reverse in deep vinaceous 

 shades. 



Penicillium phoeniceum, while possibly not closely related to the above 

 genetically, produces an intense red-violet to purple pigmentation in colony 

 reverse. Unlike P. vinaceum, conidiophores of P. phoeniceum arise pri- 

 marily from the substratum or the basal felt, and little or no exudate is 

 normally produced. The species is keyed with P. vinaceum primarily as 

 a matter of convenience. 



Penicillium vinaceum Oilman and Abbott, in Iowa State College Jour. 

 Sci. 1: 299, fig. 34. 1927. See also Thom, The Penicilha, pp. 



195-196, fig. 23. 1930. 



Colonies on Czapek's solution agar (Col. PI. IV) growing rather restrict- 

 edly, attaining a diameter of 2.0 to 2.5 cm. in 10 to 12 days, strongly fur- 



