MONOVERTICILLATA 237 



pressed, light sporing, cenlral arons \y]\\\v or in lijilit pink shades and mar- 

 ginal areas 1 to 2 mm. wide developing pale blue-green shades; exudate 

 lacking or limited in amount; odor none; reverse quickly developing bright 

 red-violet shades, becoming dark iKuple in age (Ridgway, PL XXXVII), 

 with surrounding agar similarly and, at length, intensely colored; conidio- 

 phores usually erect, arising primarilj^ from the substratum or the basal 

 felt, up to 200 to 250m long by 2.0 to 2.5/i, with walls smooth or delicately 

 roughened, enlarging slightly near the apex, usually unbranched but 

 occasionally once-branched in the terminal area; penicilli monoverticillate, 

 consisting of simple verticils of sterigmata, from 5 to 10 or 12 in number, 

 roughly parallel or slightly divergent, bearing conidia in tangled chains; 

 sterigmata mostly 8 to lOju by about 2.0^, occasionally up to 12 or 14^ 

 in length, gradually tapering to the conidium-bearing tips; conidia appear- 

 ing somewhat elliptical or apiculate when first formed, becoming globose 

 to subglobose at maturity, mostly 2.5 to 3.0m in diameter, with walls 

 smooth or finely granular. 



Colonies on steep agar restricted Init growing more rapidly than on 

 Czapek, about 1.5 to 2.0m in 10 to 12 days, raised, cushion-like, 1 to 2 mm. 

 deep, often becoming narrowly zonate, closely furrowed in a radial pattern 

 with colony texture and surface as above (fig. 65D), somewhat heavier 

 sporing, in dull gray-green shades near mineral gray to tea green; reverse 

 as on Czapek l)ut more ciuickly and intensely colored; conidial structures 

 as described above. 



Colonies on malt agar up to 1.5 cm. in 10 to 12 days, with central area 

 raised 1 to 2 mm., lightly furrowed, with surface appearing almost velvety 

 but with abundant trailing hyphae and ropes of hyphae, growing margin 

 thin, about 2 mm. wide, otherwise heavily sporing throughout, nearmineral 

 gray; colonies in reverse becoming brown in central areas, not showing any 

 purple pigmentation or discoloration of the surrounding agar; conidial 

 structures as described above but usually somewhat larger, bearing conidia 

 in tangled chains up to IOOm in length. 



Species description based upon van Beyma's type received in July 1946, 

 from the Centraalbureau, and included in our Collection as NRRL 2070. 

 The type strain was originally isolated from sooty mold of a palm (Phoenix) 

 at Baarn, Holland. 



This species is placed next to PeniciUium vinaceum upon the basis of its 

 general colony characteristics but is not regarded as closely related to that 

 form. Colony surfaces on all media tend to show a floccose or funiculose 

 development of aerial hyphae, and to produce an intense pigmentation on 

 Czapek and steep agars. Unlike the other members of the general series 

 to which it is assigned, conidiophores in P. phoeniceum arise almost en- 

 tirely from the substratum or the basal felt, and rarely from ropes of aerial 



