244 A MANUAL OF THE PENlCILLlA 



3.0m, with walls smooth, adhering in long chains when viewed in fluid 

 mounts. 



The binomial Penicilliuni capsulaimn was assigned to the species because 

 of the characteristically strongly elliptical to narrowly cylindrical form of 

 its conidia. 



Species description centered upon NRRL 2056 received in September 

 1945, from Professor W. H. Weston, Harvard University, as a culture 

 isolated in the Panama Canal Zone from an optical instrument by Dr. 

 W. G. Hutchinson. It is duplicated also by NRRL 2057, received in May 

 1945, from Dr. W. Lawrence White, Philadelphia Quartermaster Depot 

 as a strain isolated from exposed canvas in the Gilbert Islands. 



Additional strains representing this species have been repeatedly 

 encountered among the molds isolated from deteriorating military equip- 

 ment in tropical and sub-tropical areas. No information is available re- 

 garding the extent of growth or the amount of damage caused by this 

 organism, but its repeated isolation from such sources would seem to indi- 

 cate its probable wide distribution in tropical and subtropical soils. 



Penicillium cyaneum (B. and S.) Biourge, in Monograph, Liste Ono- 

 mastique. La Cellule 33: fasc. 1, p. 102. 1923. Emend. Thom, 

 in The Penicillia, pp. 226-228. 1930. 

 Synonym: C. cyaneus Bainier and Sartory, in Bui. Soc. Mycol. France 

 29: 157-161 ; PI. IV, fig. 4. 1913. 



Colonies on Czapek's solution agar growing restrictedly, reaching a 

 diameter of 2.5 to 3.0 cm. in 12 to 14 days at room temperature, consisting 

 of a close-textured basal felt, radially furrowed, with central or sub- 

 central areas commonly raised, surface appearing almost velvety or some 

 what floccose from a limited growth of sterile aerial mycelium (fig. 68A), 

 at first azonate or nearly so but sometimes becoming broadly zonate in age, 

 light to medium sporing, varying in color from pale dull glaucous blue 

 near the margin to deep bluish gray-green (Ridgway, PI. XLII) in cen- 

 tral areas; exudate lacking or limited, clear to cinnamon; odor none; re- 

 verse colorless or becoming yellowish to rosy in age; conidiophores 100 to 

 200/i by 2iu, arising separately from the substratum or as branches from 

 ascending aerial hyphae, with walls smooth, irregularly branched, occa- 

 sionally bearing definitely terminal groups of penicilli; penicilli mono- 

 verticillate, small, usually consisting of closely crowded verticils of 5 to 8 

 parallel sterigmata, producing narrow, loose columnar masses of conidia up 

 to 100/i in length; sterigmata 7 to Oju by 2.0 to 2.2m, with larger or smaller 

 cells not uncommon; conidia elliptical, mostly 3.0 to 4.0/x by 2.0 to 2.5m, 

 with ends often more or less pointed, smooth-walled. 



Colonies on steep agar 2.5 to 3.0 cm. in 12 to 14 days at room tempera- 

 ture, slightly deeper and more closely wrinkled than on Czapek, appearing 



