MONOVERTICILLATA 247 



(fig. 68F); sterigmata in compact clusters of 6 to 10, mostly 6 to 8/i by 2.0 

 to 2.5ju, diverging at the tips; conidia globose to subglobose, mostly 2.0 

 to 2.5m, occasionally larger with walls delicately roughened, in divergent 

 chains 50 to lOO/u in length, becoming tangled. 



Colonies on steep agar growing more rapidly, 2.5 to 3.0 cm. in 10 to 12 

 days, strongly wrinkled in a radial pattern, commonly appearing definitely 

 angular in outline, consisting of a tough basal felt, bearing abundant 

 conidial structures throughout, velvety, near gnaphalium green becoming 

 mouse gray (R., PI. LI) in age, growing margin white, narrow, about 1 mm.; 

 exudate lacking or limited, clear; odor lacking or sourish; reverse in dull 

 peach shades; peniciUi larger and more consistently branched than on 

 Czapek, commonly appearing as a terminal verticil of three or more 

 branches (metulae) ; conidiophores slightly hea^'ier, sterigmata and conidia 

 as described above. 



Colonies on malt agar gro\\'ing as on steep agar but less definitely 

 wrinkled and with marginal area plane, velvety, heavily sporing through- 

 out, colored as above; conidiophores arising from submerged or loosel}^ 

 interwoven hyphae, penicilli as described above but more commonly 

 showing branches in a terminal verticil and conidia in longer chains, 100/x 

 or more, tangled. 



Species description centered upon XRRL 777 received in 1928 from the 

 Centraalbureau as Zaleski's type and discussed by Thom in his Monograph 

 (1930) as No. 5010.36. Represented in our study by an additional sub- 

 strain of the same culture received in July 1946, from the Centraalbureau; 

 and by a third culture from the same source diagnosed by them as Peni- 

 cillium waksmani Zaleski. This latter culture had been received by them 

 from the Instituto Sieroterapico, Milan, in 1929 as P. weidemanni Westling 

 var. fuscum Arnaudi. Strains showing the general cultural and morpho- 

 logical characters of the species are occasionally isolated from soil. 



NRRL 781, isolated in 1936 as one of two Penicillia from a culture re- 

 ceived from the Centraalbureau in 193() as "P. australicum Hann, Zach", 

 shows the general cultural and morphological characteristics of typical P. 

 waksmani strains, but differs from them in the lighter color of its conidial 

 areas, which approximate pale olive buff shades. 



PeniciUium waksmani resembles rather closely /''. conjlophilum Dierckx 

 {q.v.), both in its basic colony appearance and in the general character of 

 its penicilli. Penicilli are, however, more regularly monoverticillate, 

 and conidia are globose and definitely roughened in contrast to the smooth- 

 walled elliptical to subglobose conidia of P. corylophilum. The two 

 species should be regarded as closely related, and as possibly forming a 

 bridge between the Monoverticillata and the P. cUrinum series. Peni- 

 ciUium waksmani Zaleski is somewhat arbitrarily assigned to the former 



