ASYMMETRICA-FUNICULOSA 461 



Penicillium pallidum Smith, in Bot. Mycol. Soc. Trans. 18: 88-89, PI. IV, 



figs. 1 and 2. 1933. 



Colonies on Czapek's solution agar spreading, attaining a diameter of 

 6.5 to 7.0 cm. in 2 weeks at room temperature, radiall}' furrowed, somewhat 

 zonate, when young consisting of a white, tough, submerged, mycelial 

 growth which later gives rise to a sparse development of conidiophores and 

 short funiculose tufts or ropes of aerial hyphae bearing conidiophores 

 (fig. 120A), becoming cream colored in age; no exudate; odor evident, not 

 pronounced; reverse uncolored to light cream; penicilli mostly asymmetric 

 biverticillate (fig. 119A), 35 to 55^ in total length; bearing conidial chains 

 at first roughly parallel, becoming tangled in age; conidiophores arising 

 from creeping hyphae or from definite ropes of hyphae, many originating 

 from clearly differentiated foot-cells as found in Aspergillus, others ter- 

 minal on long trailing hyphae which gradually enlarge to the diameter of 

 the conidiophores, tapering slightly towards the penicillus, definitely 

 roughened (fig. 119A) ; metulae rough, 11 to 14^ by 2.0 to 2.5^ in diameter; 

 sterigmata finely spinulose, bluntly pointed, 11 to 12/x by 2.0/x; conidia 

 elongate 3.2 to 4.0)Lt by 1.5 to 2.2/x, smooth -walled. 



Colonies on steep agar growing slightly less rapidly than on Czapek, 

 more closely wrinkled radially, producing more surface growth with funicles 

 or ropes more prominent (fig. 120B), odor more pronounced; reverse in dull, 

 light buff shades; otherwise as on Czapek agar. 



Colonies on malt extract agar attaining a diameter of 5.0 to 5.5 cm. in 

 2 weeks at room temperature, white, producing abundant fioccose-funic- 

 ulose hyphae in definite ropes up to 6 mm. long over the entire colony 

 surface (fig. 120C); reverse in slightly darker buff shades than on steep 

 agar; odor strong, suggesting sour cream; microscopically duplicates the 

 description on Czapek agar. 



Species description based upon the author's diagnosis and upon our notes 

 on Smith's type strain (Catalogue No. 76) received by Thom in 1931. 

 The culture was subsequently lost from his collection but has been returned 

 to us for the present study by Dr. R. St. John-Brooks, National Collection of 

 Type Cultures, London, and is now maintained as NRRL 2037. The type 

 was obtained originally from samples of yarn showing no sign of mildew. 

 A second representative strain received from the Centraalbureau in May 

 1946 was labeled: "from elm beetle, 1932". The species appears to be 

 fairly imcommon. 



Penicillium putterillii Thom, in The Penicillia, pp. 368-369. 1930. 



Colonies on Czapek's solution agar attaining a diameter of 4.0 to 5.0 

 cm. in 12 to 14 days at 25°C., forming a tough, close-textured basal felt at 



