364 A MANUAL OF THE PENICILLIA 



verse and agar in dull yellow to light orange or brown shades. Penicilli are somewhat 

 irregular, often comparatively large, and consist either of a terminal verticil of 

 metulae only, or the main axis and one or more branches bearing metulae and sterig- 

 mata; sterigmata mostly in groups of 3 to 5 with conidial chains tangled or forming 

 poorly defined columns; conidia are globose to broadly elliptical, smooth-walled, 

 about 3.4 to 3.8m by 3.0 to 3.5/x. The above notes conform fairly closely with Biourge's 

 original description but fail to furnish sufficient bases for separation from P. chrysoge- 

 nuni Thom when one considers the various cultural aspects that this species is known 

 to present. 



Penicillium fluorescens Laxa nomen nudum (?) was cited but not described by 

 Laxa, Zentbl. f. Bakt. etc. (II) 86: 164-165. 1932. A culture received from him in 

 March 1933 and now maintained as NRRL 819, is regarded as representing a cultural 

 variant of P. chrijsogenum Thom in which the surface and reverse of the colony on 

 Czapek's solution and steep agars are marked by conspicuous dendroid, rather than 

 strictly radial, furrows. The colony surface is comparatively loose, almost floccose 

 and little or no exudate is produced; colony reverse and surrounding agar are in 

 bright yellow shades. Conidial structures are like those of a light sporing strain of 

 P. chrysogeniim. The culture produces little penicillin. 



Penicillium roseo-citreum Biourge (Monogr., La Cellule 33: fasc. 1, pp. 184-186; 

 Col. PI. IV and PI. VII, fig. 39. 1923) as originally described and as represented by 

 Biourge's type strain, discussed by Thom in 1930 as No. 4733.106 and now maintained 

 as NRRL 889, apparently represents a deeply floccose member of the P. chrysogenum 

 series. Thom (1930, p. 323) included this species in his section Lanata upon the basis 

 of the colony texture. Pigmentation, exudate formation, and the pattern of its peni- 

 cilli, however, indicate closer relationship to the series indicated above. The type 

 culture is regarded as probably representing a floccose variant of P. chrysogenum. 

 Thom. The culture produces some penicillin. A strain received from the Centraal- 

 bureau as P. citreo-roseum (to them from Biourge in 1927) duplicates NRRL 889. 



Penicillium rubens Biourge (Monogr., La Cellule 33: fasc. 1, p. 265; Col. PI. XI 

 and PI. XIX, fig. 111. 1923. Thom, The Penicillia, pp. 249-250, fig. 33. 1930) as 

 known by the type strain, discussed by Thom in 1930 as No. 4733.110 and now main- 

 tained as NRRL 792, represents a member of the P. chrysogenum series, hardly sepa- 

 rable from P. chrysogenum Thom. The strain produces comparatively loose-tex- 

 tured colonies with central areas more or less flocculent and marginal areas medium 

 to heavy sporing in rather bright yellow-green shades; exudate is limited and pale 

 yellow in color; colony reverse is at first in bright yellow shades, becoming dull in 

 age; penicilli are comparatively loose, often consist of a terminal verticil of metulae, 

 and bear conidia mostly elliptical and about 3.5/* in long axis. The culture produces 

 some penicillin. 



Penicillium meleagrimim Biourge, in Monogr., La Cellule 33: fasc. 1, 



pp. 147-149; Col. PI. Ill and PI. IV, fig. 22. 1923. Thom, The 



Penicillia, pp. 2(36-267. 1930. 



Colonies on Czapek's solution agar growing rapidly (fig. 96A), attaining 

 a diameter of 4.5 to 5.0 cm. in 12 days at room temperature, consisting of 

 a fairly tough basal felt bearing abundant conidial structures, central colony 

 area commonly non-sporulating or lightly sporulating, near cream in color, 



