500 A MANUAL OF THE PENICILLIA 



Penicillium porraceum Biourge (in Monogr., La Cellule 33: fasc. 1, pp. 188-189; 

 Col. PI. V and PI. IX, fig. 49. 1923) is believed to represent a member of the P. cyclo- 

 pium series, assignable most satisfactorily with P. puherulum Bainier. Biourge 

 regarded the species as belonging with P. stoloniferum Thom. Basing his conclusions 

 on subsequent study of Biourge's culture (Thom No. 4733.98— now maintained as 

 NRRL 970), Thom questioned this relationship and placed the species in the Fascicu- 

 lata. Re-examination of this culture confirms this placement and leads us to regard 

 it as belonging in the P. cyclopium series. It is placed with P. puberulum because of 

 its somewhat restricted growth and comparatively small penicilli. 



Penicillium pezizoides (Biourge) nomen nudum. A culture bearing this name was 

 received from Biourge in 1934, but apparently was never described. The strain as 

 received, and as now maintained in our Collection (NRRL 987), produces colonies 

 0.5 to 1.0 mm. deep, with vegetative mycelium in light pink shades and characterized 

 by numerous pink, Pe2iza-\ike craters that result from the evaporation of large drop- 

 lets of exudate partially embedded in the mycelial felt; conidia are in bluish glaucous 

 shades; conidiophores are rough-walled, arise from the substratum, and are commonly 

 aggregated into fascicles ; penicilli are asymmetric and irregularly branched . Except 

 for the regular development of Peziza-like craters, a tendency that is often seen on a 

 lesser scale in other strains and species, there is little to distinguish Biourge's strain 

 from P. puberulum as represented by NRRL 845. 



Penicillium. martensii Biourge, in Monograph, La Cellule 33: fasc. 1, pp. 



152-154; Col. PL II and PI. Ill, fig. 14. 1923. Thom, The 



Penicillia, pp. 388-389. 1930. 



Colonies on Czapek's solution agar (Col. PI. VIII and fig. 128A) growing 

 fairly rapidly, attaining a diameter of 4.0 to 4.5 cm. in 12 to 14 days at 

 room temperature, with central areas commonly raised, and usually marked 

 by radial furrows, but in some strains remaining essentially plane, with 

 growing margins 1 to 2 mm. wide, white, with marginal areas narrowly but 

 definitely zonate in most strains, and with surface appearing granular to 

 definitely tufted, heavily sporing throughout, shading from glaucous blue 

 shades (Ridgway, PI. XLII) in young conidial areas through bluish gray- 

 green shades to dark bluish gray-green (R., PI. XLII) lily green (R., PI. 

 XLVII) or grayish blue-green (R., PI. XLVIII) at maturity and usually 

 becoming dull gray in age; exudate limited or abundantly produced, clear; 

 odor often pronounced, moldy; colonies in reverse at first lightly colored, 

 becoming orange-brown to light maroon, and sometimes showing a purplish 

 shade in age, with the surrounding agar becoming similarly colored in 

 most strains; penicilli comparatively large, mostly 40 to 50m in length 

 bearing conidia in tangled chains, forming rather irregular masses up to 

 150 to 200m in length; conidiophores arising directly from the substratum, 

 variable in length (especially in different strains) but commonly ranging 

 from 200 to 400m by 3.0 to 3.5m, with walls generally smooth or in some 

 strains slightly roughened; penicilli usually showing one or two branches, 

 mostly 15 to 20m by 3.0 to 3.5m, in addition to the main axis (fig. 128C), 



