BI VERTICILL AT A -SYMMETRICA 593 



marily from the substratum, comparatively short, seldom exceeding 200/x 

 in length by S.Ofx in diameter; penicilli variable, ranging from fractional 

 or monoverticillate to typical biverticillate-symmetrical; metulae in limited 

 verticils, rarely exceeding 4 in number, 10 to 13/x by 2.0 to 2.5^; sterigmata 

 closely parallel, in clusters of 4 to 6 or 7, about 10 to 12^ by 1.5 to 2.0m, 

 with conidium-bearing tips definitely tapered in the manner characteristic 

 of the group; conidia elliptical, with ends more or less pointed, mostly 2.5 

 to 3.0m by 2.0 to 2.5m, smooth-walled. 



Colonies on malt extract agar growing slowly (fig. 152B), 1.5 to 2.0 cm. 

 in 2 weeks, in bright golden yellow shades near lemon-chrome to light 

 cadmium (R., PI. IV), with growing margin 1 to 2 mm. wide, thin, often 

 largely submerged, quickly developing abundant perithecia to form a con- 

 tinuous layer Avhich in the main constitutes the colony; perithecia usually 

 globose or nearly so (fig. 152C), but varying greatly in size from 150 to 300 

 or 350m in diameter, sometimes confluent, without definite cellular walls, 

 bounded by a thin network of interwoven hyphae and surrounded by a 

 loose covering of predominantly radiate, heavily encrusted, and strongly 

 pigmented hyphae, 100m or more in length; perithecia ripening within 7 to 

 10 days, producing abundant asci throughout; asci borne in short chains, 

 ovate to globose when mature, 12.5 to 15.0m in diameter, 8-spored; asco- 

 spores globose (fig. 152D), definitely echinulate over the entire surface, 

 mostly 4.5 to 5.0m in diameter, with walls heavy, 1.0m or more thick. 



Colonies on cornmeal agar slow-growing, about 2 cm. in 2 weeks, thin 

 with mycelium largely submerged, producing perithecia abundantly at 

 colony center and scattered throughout the entire colony area, in form and 

 development as on malt; penicilli very limited in number. 



Perithecial initials (fig. 144F) readily observed at the margin of growing 

 colonies upon most substrata, particularly cornmeal and malt extract agars, 

 irregular in origin and pattern (not consistent as in Penicillium vermicu- 

 laium, P. helicum, and P. stipifatum), first evident as swollen and irregularly 

 septate hyphal elements which may be more or less twisted or coiled and 

 which may arise either directly from vegetative hyphae or from structures 

 at first appearing penicillate, quickly developing into a knot of twisted and 

 interwoven hyphal elements. Definite ascogones are usually not iden- 

 tifiable. 



Species description based upon NRRL 2107 as type received in INIarch 

 1946 from Professor G. W. Martin, University of Iowa, as an isolate from 

 wood collected in the moinitains of Chiriqui Province, Panama. The 

 species is distinguished by its restricted growth upon all substrata, the rich 

 golden yellow color of its massed perithecia, the variabihty of its perithecial 

 initials, and particularly by its large globose ascospores. The specific name 

 was based upon the shape of the ascospores. 



