BIVERTICILLATA-SYMMETRICA 609 



conversion by this organism of the hexoses, fructose, galactose and man- 

 nose, and the pentoses, xylose, and arabinose into glucose. In this paper 

 it was stated that their culture of P. luteum (Catalogue No. Ad 30) was 

 Thom's No. 11^ — ^a strain which we now recognize as representing a non- 

 ascosporic strain of P. vermiculatum (see p. 583). Subsequent to this, 

 Anderson and Raistrick (1936) reported the same strain of P. luteum, 

 when grown on a medium containing glucose as the sole source of carbon, 

 to produce mainl}^ luteic acid, but to form in addition a malonyl-polyglucose 

 and small amounts of other laevorotatory polysaccharides built up of man- 

 nose, galactose, and fructose units in proportions varying with the age 

 of the culture. In a fourth paper Anderson, et al. (1939) elucidated the 

 molecular constitution of luteose, the neutral polysaccharide produced by 

 the elimination of malonic acid from luteic acid. 



The metabolic products of Penicillium spicnlisponim Lehman were in- 

 vestigated by Clutterbuck, Raistrick, and Rintoul (1931) who reported the 

 production of a new polybasic fatty acid, CnHssOe, representing the lactone 

 of 7-hydroxy-j85-dicarboxypentadecoic acid, and described its preparation, 

 properties, derivatives, and breakdown products. This acid was subse- 

 quently named spiculisporic acid by Birkinshaw and Raistrick (1934). In 

 addition, P. spiculisporum also produced succinic acid and 7-ketopenta- 

 decoic acid. The constitution of spiculisporic acid was further investigated 

 by Asano and Kameda in 1941. 



Birldnshaw, Chambers, and Raistrick, in 1942, reported the production 

 of a new metabolic product, stipitatic acid, CsHeOs by Penicillium stipi- 

 tatum Thom. The acid forms cream colored needles, melts with decom- 

 position at 302-304°C., and is optically inactive. The acid gives a deep 

 red FeCla reaction whereas solutions of the disodium salt are deep yellow in 

 color. The acid was believed to belong to a new class of mold metabolic 

 products, except for possible relationship to puberulic acid, produced by 

 P. puberulum Rainier (see p. 506). Derivatives and break-down products 

 were described but the molecular constitution of the acid was not estab- 

 lished. Dewar has subsequently (1945) published on its structure. 



Penicillium duclauxi Series 

 Outstanding Charac'ers 



Colonies producing abundant coremia on all substrata, particularly steep 

 and malt agars; variously colored, with areas of vegetative growth in 

 3^ellow to orange or red shades from the presence of pigmented and en- 

 crusted h^'phae, and with conidial areas dark yellow-green; reverse in 

 orange-red, deep red, or dark brown shades. 



Coremia commonly 2-4 mm. high, occasionally more, with stalks yellowish, 

 commonly bearing conidial structures over the upper half. 



