ASYMMETRICA-FASCICULATA 515 



which obviously represent the Penicillium expansum series. The number 

 of species so described results both from the economic considerations under- 

 lying their isolation, and from the unusual prominence of these molds as 

 they occur upon natural substrata in the form of j'^ellow-green or glaucous, 

 fasciculate or coremiform masses of fruiting structures. A partial list 

 of such species follows while others are indicated among the synonyms of 

 P. exyansuvi Link already cited. 



Coremium alphitopus Secretan, in Myc. Suisse III, pp. 539-540. 1833. Secretan 

 described what he believed to be two varieties, A and B, and compared these with 

 Coremium leucopus Persoon. The differences cited between the length and colors 

 seen in the (coremium) stalks, and in the colors of the conidial heads have been seen 

 many times in strains definitely belonging in the Penicillium expansum series as they 

 develop upon various natural and laboratory media. Contrasts observed by the de- 

 scriber can be attributed to differences in the nutrient value of his substrata. We 

 see no reason for separating either variety from P. expansum. Link. 



Penicillium crustaceum Fries, in Sys. Myc. 3: 407. 1829. Fries w'ent back to 

 Linnaeus for a species name which the latter had used as Mucor crustaceus, although 

 Greville in 1823 had already said that no one could identify M. crustaceus. Crusts of 

 conidia consisting of adherent masses of spores formed from crowded penicilli are 

 developed by strains in several series of the Penicillia, hence Fries' diagnosis is un- 

 spec'fic. He discussed his var. /3 coremium, as found upon fruits in autumn, as prob- 

 ably representing Persoon 's Coremium. leucopus and Greville's Floccaria glauca. 

 Since these latter usages definitely refer to cultures now assignable to the Penicillium 

 expansum series, it seems best to regard Fries' species as probably synonymous with 

 P. expansum Link. In doing so, the possibility that it may represent P. crustosum 

 Thom should not be overlooked. Exact identity cannot be established. 



Penicillium glaucum Link^de Wehmer, in Beitr. z. Kennt. Einh. Pilze, II, p. 76- 

 77; Taf. 1, fig. 5 and probably figs. 6 and 7; Taf. II, figs. 16-22. 1895. Wehmer's 

 description indicates that he included in P. glaucum Link (1824 rather than 1809) 

 forms which we regard as P. expansum. He distinguished the species by its more or 

 less dark leaf green color (rarely blue-green) in contrast to the gray-blue or bluish 

 gray, or brownish green of other species. Sclerotia were reported as rare and to 

 measure from 100 to 800m diameter. 



Bainier (Bui. Soc. IVIycol. France 21: 126. 1905) referred to Penicillium glaucum 

 as a coremium producing form "bien connues" — hence, in apparently the same sense 

 as Wehmer. 



Penicillium leucopus (Pers.) Biourge, in Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol. Paris 82: 877- 

 880. 1919; also Monogr., La Cellule 33: pp. 107-111, Col. PI. I and PI. 1, fig. 1. 1923. 

 Biourge's culture was received and clearly belonged in the P. expansum series. This 

 usage simply raised the question whether we should base the accepted name upon 

 Link (1809) or on Persoon's Coremium leucopus (Myc. European 1: 42. 1822). We 

 have followed Link. 



Petiicillium elongatum Dierckx, in Soc. Scientifique Bruxelles 25: 87. 1901. Bi- 

 ourge put this species with P. leucopus (Pers.) Biourge, P. expansum Link of this 

 book. Thom, in 1930, noted the persistent ellipticitj' of the conidia and recognized 

 Dierckx's form as representing a type of mold occasionally isolated, but based sepa- 



