GLIOCLADIUM, PAECILOMYCES, AND SCOPULARIOPSIS 681 



floccose, surface uneven, white becoming salmon to rosy pink with the 

 development of ripe conidial masses; odor evident, peculiar; reverse color- 

 less, then yellowish to yellowish pink; hyphae sinuous, colorless, coarse, 

 3 to 6m in diameter, showing large and numerous vacuoles; conidiophores 

 mostly as short branches from trailing interlacing aerial hyphae and ropes 

 of hyphae, about 100 to 200/i by 4 to 5m; conidial apparatus variously pro- 

 duced, partly as single sterigmata borne as terminal cells on short branches, 

 but usually composed of irregular branching systems and oftentimes truly 

 penicillate, forming irregularly distributed conidial masses, at first white 

 then salmon or rosy; metulae when recognizable 10 to 12/i by 3m at base 

 and with apices enlarged ; sterigmata very irregular in size, commonly 8.0 

 to 12m but sometimes up to 20m or more when borne singly; conidia 4 to 6m 

 by 3 to 4m, colorless, somewhat irregular at first, elliptical when ripe, form- 

 ing chains 1 to 2 mm. in length in old cultures and often adhering in large 

 masses which break off. 



Despite the fact that the conidia remain in chains, the conidial apparatus 

 found here allies this species closer to GUocladium than to Penidllium, 

 hence the present allocation. 



GUocladium vermoeseni (Biourge) Thom is believed to represent an ex- 

 treme type in the variable G. roseum series. Once seen it is easily recog- 

 nized because of its distinctive coloration, the general aspect of its conidial 

 apparatus, and the tendency to produce conidia in chains as in Penidllium 

 rather than in shme balls as in the more typical species of GUocladium. 



The species is represented by NRRL 1752 from H. S. Fawcett and two 

 strains received under this name from the Centraalbureau in December 

 1946 as isolates from infected palms. 



Occurrence and Significance 



Members of the GUocladium roseum series are abundant in soil and on 

 decaying vegetation of many types. They have been commonly isolated 

 from exposed fabrics and other items of military equipment. Occasional 

 strains appear to be fairly active cellulose decomposers. 



GUocladium roseum and G. vermoeseni are commonly reported to be 

 parasitic or semi-parasitic on ornamental plants. Miss McCulloch and 

 others in the Department of Agriculture in Washington, D. C. have re- 

 ported extensive losses in Buxus (boxwood) due to G. roseum. VerUcillium 

 huxi was also reported to be present. Dodge (1944) has carefully investi- 

 gated the different fungi associated with leaf and twig diseases in Buxus 

 and pointed out the interrelation of such commonly reported forms as Volu- 

 tella bu.ri, VerUcillium huxi, and PenicilUum roseum and concludes that the 

 latter is less commonly present than generally reported. As early as 1859, 

 Berkeley and Broome had cited P. roseum as occurring on Hibiscus. Klotz 



