686 A MANUAL OF THE PENICILLIA 



not markedly bacteriostatic but is active against a number of fungi includ- 

 ing the fruit-rotting Penicillia, Penicillium expansum (pomaceous fruits) 

 and P. digitatum. (citrus fruits). 



Gliocladium deliquescens Series 



This well-marked series is characterized by conidia which en masse appear 

 dark green to almost black and which regularly collect in large slime balls. 

 These may be borne upon individual fructifications or they may coalesce 

 to form larger masses where several conidial structures arise in close prox- 

 imity (fig. 170C). 



The series is typified by Gliocladium deliquescens which was described 

 and beautifully illustrated by Sopp in his Monograph (1912, pp. 89-93, 

 PI. I). 



Gliocladium deliquescens Sopp in Monogr., pp. 89-93, Taf. I, figs. 1-6. 



1912; Oilman and Abbott, in la. State Col. Jour. Sci. 1: 304-305. 



1927; and Thom, The Penicilha, pp. 507-508. 1930. 



Sopp's diagnosis abstracted: 



Colonies clear yellowish green becoming darker in age, at first a typical area of 

 crowded, Penicillium-Iike conidiophores which later become enveloped in slimy 

 masses as the conidial chains dissolve and run together; reverse gray at first, later 

 dark green, ahnost black, odor characteristic; gelatin liquified; conidiophores up to 

 1 mm. long, erect, coarse, septate, 1 to 5 times penicillate branching, each series of 

 branchlets progressively smaller so that the sterigmata are much smaller in diameter 

 than the primary branches; conidia about 1.0 by 1.5 to 2.0m or somewhat larger when 

 ripe, at first fusiform, later becoming more rounded at the ends, produced in chains 

 which break up as the conidia become enveloped in masses of slime; perithecia and 

 sclerotia not found. 



Species originally isolated from a specimen of Daedalea unicolor in Nor- 

 way, but subsequently shown to be common in soil and on decaying vege- 

 tation by many investigators. Sopp reported colonies to grow well upon 

 various media, and the species to remain viable for three years. 



Sopp's type was not seen. Oilman and Abbott (1927) described and 

 illustrated an organism under this name as follows: 



"Growth not abundant on Czapek's agar. On bean agar, broadly spreading, pro- 

 ducing a thin, transparent growth of sterile hyphae over the entire medium, from 

 which the dark green fruiting areas soon develop; surface deep, dark green to blackish 

 green; reverse colorless. Aerial mycelium scant, colony consisting almost entirely 

 of conidiophores and slimy heads. Conidiophores arise from submerged and surface 

 hyphae, several from one point; both aerial and submerged stolons present at these 

 points; conidiophores 100 to 225m by 8 to 10^. Fructification typically in four stages, 

 consisting of three to five primary branches arising from the apex of the conidiophore; 

 these bear a verticil of secondary branches, and these verticils of metulae; phialides 



