78 TRANSACTIONS OF THE ILLINOIS 



full crop. But the difference of six per cent, in favor of the 

 carbolic acid treatment, and three per cent: in favor of the 

 saline mixture, seems to indicate that the curculio is repelled by 

 disagreeable tastes and smells. The combination mixture was 

 applied, hoping it would prevent "rot." The fruit on the 

 sprayed trees was nearly exempt, while on the check tree not a 

 sound specimen could be found; but as part, or all, of this rot 

 may have been caused by curculio injury, I do not consider it a 

 fair test. 



On the dates above mentioned, May 3rd, 10th, 24th, and June 

 11th, three rows of pear trees (about thirty in a row) were 

 sprayed. The first time one row was treated with the saline 

 mixture, one with carbolic acid, and the third with the London 

 Purple solution. The three succeeding applications were with 

 the combination mixture. 



A careful examination on the 23rd of August showed an ap- 

 preciable difference in the condition of the fruit on the three 

 rows, all being remarkably fine, almost entirely free from cod- 

 ling moth, and only ten per cent, stung with curculio, and eight 

 per cent, disfigured with scab. The check tree showed ten per 

 cent, infested with codling moth, eighteen per cent, stung with 

 curculio, and twenty per cent, marked with scab. 



On the same date a five acre apple orchard, nine years old, 

 was sprayed, the first time when m full bloom, with London 

 Purple, four ounces to forty gallons of water. The second, 

 third and fourth times with the same combination mixture as the 

 plum and pear trees. On the 8th of October 1,000 apples were 

 examined, from ten different portions of the orchard, with the 

 following results : The first 100 showed five wormy specimens, 

 the second, three; the third, five; the fourth, six; the fifth, 

 five; the sixth, eight; the seventh, seven; the eighth, nine; the 

 ninth, four; the tenth, eight; an average of six per cent. The 

 fruit had so nearly all dropped from the check trees, caused by 

 insect work, that it was impossible to make a comparative count. 

 As a preventative of scab, the treatment was not satisfactory, 

 although there is, no doubt, but some benefit was derived from it. 



The first spraying did not injure the leaves in the least, 

 but the last scorched them so badly that about one-third 

 dropped from the tree. The weather was hot and the sun shin- 

 ing brightly when the last spraying was done, which may have 

 caused the injury. Or is it a fact as some claim that late in the 

 season the leaves are more easily injured than in early spring? 



To test the efficacy of the Eau Celestia mixture for "grape rot" 

 a vineyard of four rows was selected, and the first and third rows 

 sprayed four times, on the 3d, 10th, and 24th of May, and the 

 11th of June. At gathering time the sprayed rows showed a loss 

 of twenty-five per cent, and the unsprayed sixty per cent. This 

 experiment (as well as many others of the same kind,) shows 



