72 TRANSACTIONS OE THE ILLINOIS 



row, the same length as strawberries. Our mode of planting 

 gooseberries, currants, raspberries and blackberries, is to make 

 a straight, deep furrow with a one-horse plow, by going twice in 

 the same furrow, if not wet. Break up the lumps by dragging a 

 flat stone, or hard piece of wood, eight inches wide, of one hun- 

 dred pounds weight, up and down the furrows. This will leave 

 the ground in better condition, and greatly facilitate rapid 

 planting. 



Six feet from the fourth row, plant a row of red raspberries, 

 two hundred feet in length; the first half of Turner, requiring 

 thirty plants, and the second half of Cuthbert, requiring fifty 

 plants. It is necessary to plant raspberries about four inches 

 deep, covering to the depth of from one to two inches at time of 

 planting, and well firming the earth about the plants, filling up as 

 they grow. 



Seven feet from the fifth row, plant a row of Souhegan, or 

 Tyler. 



Blackcap raspberry, twenty-six inches from plant to plant, 

 observing above instructions. Seven feet from your sixth row, 

 plant another row of raspberries, Shaffer's Colossal, or Gregg, 

 as your taste may choose. This will give you three rows of 

 raspberries, two hundred feet long, and if a liberal mulching 

 of manure, or half rotten straw, is given, and occasional cultiva- 

 tion through the summer, they will not fail to supply you with 

 raspberries. It is best to renew them every six years, at least. 



On this plot of ground two hundred yards long, there should 

 be left a ten-^foot wagon drive, to be sown in tame grass. Three 

 and one-half feet from wagon drive, plant eighth row, on well 

 manured, deeply-plowed ground; a permanent row of Colossal 

 asparagus, twenty inches from plant to plant, in a furrow four 

 or six deep. Five and one-half feet from ninth row, 

 plant a row of mixed varieties of currants, three and one-half 

 feet from plant to plant, or four in black soil. Fay's Prolific is 

 desirable north of Centralia. Victoria, Red Dutch, White 

 Grape and Lee's Black, are reliable in most parts of Illinois. 

 Currants require rich, deep soil, with fair surface drainage; are 

 greatly benefitted by a liberal coating of manure annually. 



Seven feet from tenth row, plant a row of blackberries ; Early 

 Harvest, Lawton and Taylor, south of Vandalia; Snyder, Erie, 

 Stone's Hardy and Western Triumph, in the north and central 

 part of the State. 



Eight feet from the eleventh row, plant a second row of some 

 of the above blackberries, as they are a staple fruit for canning. 

 The first season they need occasional hoeing, and always thor- 

 ough horse cultivation in early summer. After the first season, 

 the growing canes are kept topped while the wood growth is 

 soft, in June and July, to three and one-half feet high. No 



