64 TRANSACTIONS OF THE ILLINOIS 



the ground, and from the first to the tenth of August, cultivate 

 again, and sow with flat turnip seed. Be careful and not sow it 

 thick. 



The writer remembers asking his father when he was a boy, 

 what was the proper quantity of flat turnip seed to sow on an 

 acre? He replied, "The rule is to sow one pound, and when you 

 have to sow it, you must weigh just a pound, take one half of it, 

 and start to the field to sow it ; fall over the fence while going, 

 and spill half of it, and sow the rest." Before we finish planting, 

 weeds will appear, and as soon as they do, (do not wait until 

 they have grown two or three weeks) start the cultivator, and 

 destroy them on all of our plat of ground; the part that is 

 not planted, as well as the part that is. And all through the 

 season, as often as any weeds appear destroy them, and do not 

 allow one to seed on any part of the ground. 



Our ground is all planted in rows three feet apart, and being 

 so, admits the using of ordinary farm tools for its cultivation, 

 and saves us all the expense and trouble of buying and caring 

 for a special set of garden tools. A small hot bed would assist 

 us very much in getting the best results, but as we have under- 

 taken to make our garden by using such tools and means as the 

 ordinary farmer has at his command, and as the time and space 

 I might occupy may be needed for others, I will leave that. 

 There are also insects and grubs that will need our attention, 

 but we can hardly take time now to make their acquaintance 

 and learn their habits. 



Our garden may be a little more extensive than will be 

 needed for ordinary families, but it will be readily seen that any 

 portion of it may be cultivated as well as the whole. Two hun- 

 dred dollars expended in a city for vegetables needed for our 

 tables would not supply us with more than our plat of ground 

 will produce with an ordinary yield, while but a small portion of 

 that sum will need to be expended to furnish them for us, on 

 our farm, and we shall have them fresh and better than they 

 can be furnished to us in any city. I have endeavored in this 

 article to furnish a guide that will lead the most inexperienced to 

 success, and I would urge all to try and attain it; but while 

 doing so, do not forget the orchard, the small fruits, and some 



Elace for flowers that will furnish bouquets and gladden the 

 earts of our wives, children and friends, making them feel that 

 the prettiest and best place about our homes are our Farm and 

 Kitchen Gardens. 



Following the paper Mr. Budlong said : I sow lima beans in 

 drills and plant a variety that does not run so that I do not have to 

 pole them. I plant the rows about three feet apart, so that lam 

 able to cultivate them with the ordinary farm tools. Some of 



