12 TRANSACTIONS OF THE ILLINOIS 



have his secret, and whether I succeed or fail you may hear from 

 me again. 



Second, Hasjiberries — In Raspberries I find obstacles in the way 

 to perfect success. Turner, or Thornless, for a home market, 

 cannot be beaten; hardy, rank grower, and immensely productive. 



Hansell, the earliest red, stays in bearing a long time; hard}', a 

 moderate grower and a good shipper. 



Brandywine has done very well with me, grows about like 

 Hansell, a good shipper also. Cuthbert, or Queen of the market, 

 (as she is rightly named,) is a superb berry, very large, rank 

 grower and the best shipper of the reds. If it would yield as well 

 as the Turner, it would be King as well as Queen of the market. 



Marlboro is one of the finest of reds, but I have not found it 

 profitable to extend the planting. Crimson Beauty has the same 

 good qualities, but it also has its faults. 



I like Golden Queen. It has done well, but I have not tested 

 it on the foreign market. It can grow suckers as prolific as the 

 Turner and as rank as its parent. Souhegan, or Tyler, stands at 

 the head of the black-caps. For profit, productiveness and hard- 

 ness it has no equal. 



Hopkins follows after; something similar, though not so early. 



Next comes Ohio, a rank grower, very productive, and perfect- 

 ly hardy, very profitable. 



Gregg, I grow only to lengthen the raspberry season. They are 

 not perfectly hardy. 



Third, Planting— Of course the ground is prepared as for any 

 crop. I then set stakes or lathes for 5 rows, 8 feet apart, then 

 a 12 foot alley, then 5 more rows, and so on. • Then take a two- 

 horse plow, with a rolling coulter, open furrows where rows are 

 wanted as deep as required, and proceed to plant, throw enough 

 dirt on root to hold in place, take diamond plow and fill up fur- 

 row and finish off by pressing dirt firm around each. I plant 

 blackberries 2^ feet, black raspberries 2 feet and red raspberries 

 1J feet apart in the rows. 



Plant only young plants from root cutting when possible. 

 Blackberries and red raspberries I plant in fall when I can. Black- 

 raspberry tips I take up in the fall and lay in shallow furrows about 

 three or four inches apart, cover nicely and mulch. I leave them 

 there till they grow about 6 inches high, when I plant same as I 

 planted blackberries. In this way you get a perfect stand and 

 get a chance to work the old beds. 



Fourth, Cultivation — I start cultivating as early in the spring- 

 as possible, and keep it up till berries begin to ripen, then again 

 after beries are ripened till about August 15th. If possible I cul- 

 tivate again once before winter. 



The Diamond plow and Planet Jr., cultivator, hoe and fork, are 

 the tools I use. 



