FIG. 310 



311 



CHY 



312 



313 



3U 



mx 



EPH LG 



CHV 



--•x.;;...> 



Figs. 310-315. — Skulls of fishes, to illustrate the mode of articulation of jaws and 

 branchial arches. 310. Skull of Scylliiim. (After Marshall and Hurst.) 311, Hep- 

 tanchus (Notidanus). (After HuxLEY.) 312. Chimcera. 9 313. Ceratodus. (Slightly modi- 

 fied after HuxLEY.) 314. Polypterus. 315. Salmon. (After Parker.) 



A. Articular. AG. Angular. BR. Branchiostegal ravs. CHY. Ceratohyal. D. 

 Dentary. EHY. Epihyal. EPH, LG. Epihyal ligament. ' EPO. Epiotic. F. Frontal. 

 GHY. Glossohyal. HHY. Hypohyal. HM. Hyomandibular. ID. Interoperculum. 

 y. Jugal. LC. Labial cartilages. MCK. Meckel's cartilage. MPT. Metapterygoid. 

 MSPT. Mesopterygoid. MX. Maxillary. N. Nasal. NC. Nasal capsule. O. Opercu- 

 lum. OC. Opercular cartilage. OR. Suborbital ring. P. Parietal. PAL. Palatine. 

 PMX. Premaxillary. PO. Preoperculum. PTO. Pterotic. PTQ. Palatoquadrate. 

 PTY. Palatopterygoid. Q. Quadrate. SQC. Supraoccipital. -5"^. Supra-ethmoid. SM. 

 Symplectic. SO. Supraorbital. SP. Splenial. UMC. Upper median cartilage (not 

 frontal spine of male). 



Figs. 310, 314, 315 are regarded by HuxLEY as "hyostylic " {i.e. the hyoid element, 

 HM, attached by ligaments to the jaw hinge, taking an important part in the suspension 

 of the jaw ; 311, a modified hyostylic condition ; the hinder upper margin of PTQ becom- 

 ing greatly enlarged, and attached by ligaments to the skull, is spoken of as "amphistylic " ; 

 312-313, were " autostylic," i.e. the upper jaw element fused with the skull. 



254 



