220 CARNEGIE INSTITUTION 



said to have been particularly destructive. The Emperor Justinian 

 rebuilt much of the town, but confined it in closer bounds. It is 

 his walls that are preserved in ruins. They are said to be traced 

 along a circuit of about 4 miles. In the fifteenth century the mod- 

 ern town had only 300 houses. Now there are said to be 5,000 to 

 10,000 inhabitants, but these occup}' only a small part of the ancient 

 enclosure. Thus excavations can be made there with slight expense 

 for the surface of the ground. With Antioch should be included 

 for exploration the neighboring Daphne, only 5 miles distant, where 

 stood a great temple of Apollo and which was a favorite retreat of 

 the Seleucids and the Romans. ' ' For the architecture of but few 

 cities of the world have we such connected reports for a period of 

 800 years," according to Professor Forster, of Breslau, who has 

 made the most careful study of the ruins and who is most enthu.si- 

 astic in his recommendation of this as a place for excavations. He 

 would be glad to give to explorers any assistance within his power. 

 His recommendation is .seconded by Freiherr Hiller von Gartringen, 

 who has himself gained deserved note as an explorer and excavator. 

 These excavations would cost not less than $50,000. They w^ould 

 throw light not only on the life of the Seleucid time, but also on the 

 history of the Roman Empire. 



Asia Minor. — In Asia Minor, in the course of the last quarter of a 

 centur)', much has been done in the way of exploration, our country 

 having an honorable part in this because of the work of Professor Ster- 

 rett, the results of whose labors fill the second and third volumes of the 

 Papers of the American School at Athens. Professor Ramsay, of 

 Aberdeen, the highest authority on the geography and history of Asia 

 Minor, says in one of his books that he has had occasion to correct the 

 work of many of his predecessors, but that when he has followed 

 Professor Sterrett he has found but a small gleaning left to him after 

 Sterrett's harvest. But the work of exploration in Asia Minor has 

 been too sporadic to accomplish what is most needed, and often a 

 single traveler has been over a route where at least three specialists 

 were required. A party of three explorers — an epigraphist, an 

 architect, and a topographer, with some knowledge of geology — 

 who would supplement the work that has been done, would perform 

 an important work for science. Even after the travels of Heberdey 

 and Wilhelm, I am assured that very much remains to be done for 

 the exploration of southeastern Asia Minor. Many ruins there 

 deserve careful inspection and measurement, and possibly some 

 might be found well worthy of excavation. Professor Sterrett is so 



