Palmer — Tlie Lead Beglon of Illinois. 213 



marked Avitli crosshatcliing on the map is the Galena Limestone, 

 and except for a few patches of Blue Limestone along the Galena 

 river, is the sole depository of the lead ore. By this statement 

 is not meant that mines have been found in all portions of it, 

 but that outside of it, in the unmarked area, no mines have ever 

 been worked. By reference to the map, the grouping of the lead 

 mines (shown in black) is readily seen. Certain districts were 

 given over almost wholly to mining, while others were not af- 

 fected by it. The location of the most important mines was as 

 follows :^ 



1. The mines on Apple Eivcr, in Apple I\iver and Warren 

 townships. 



2. The mines on Apple Eiver in Elizabeth township. 



3. The !N^ew California mines and diggings in Eice township. 



4. The mines around the city of Galena in East Galena, West 

 Galena and Eawlins townships. 



6. The Council Hill and Vinegar Hill diggings. 



Jo Daviess County has been divided into townships since 

 1853,^ and for the purposes of this discussion, these townships 

 have been divided into three groups. Townships of the first 

 group include all townships where most lead mining was done, 

 and where mining was the predominating industry. The 

 second group comprises those to^ms Avhere some mines were 

 found, but where they did not assume so much importance 

 as in Group I. The third group is composed of the rest of the 

 county, and is the agricultural section. These groups shown on 

 Map 2, Elate XXL, are the foundation upon which rests the 

 structure of this investigation, and their significance must neces- 

 sarily be kept in mind, to understand the conclusions arrived at. 



The method employed for ascertaining the effect, if any, of 

 the lead industry upon the locality where it was carried on was 

 to examine township statistics on the subjects of population and 

 the valuations of property as well as the records of votes cast on 

 different measures during a series of years. The figures for the 

 various towns were then placed in their appropriate groups, viz. : 

 Group I (lead producing) ; Group II (middle) ; Group III 



1 See Geological Survey of Illinois, 1866, Vol. V., p. 45, also for detailed descriptioa 

 and location of mines, same, Vol. I., pp. 201-207. 



2 History of Jo Daviess County, Chicago, 1873, p. 346. 



