Marsh — The Planldon of Fresh Water Lakes. 167 



of New York," was published an article by DeKay on tbe Crus- 

 tacea, wliich was beautifully illustrated, but added little to our 

 knowledge of the fresh water Crustacea. In fact, though Cyclops 

 and Daphnia are mentioned, they are spoken of as "extra-lim- 

 ital," in spite of the fact that not a lake in New York would have 

 failed to furnish him countless numbers of these genera, had he 

 looked for them. To Professor Eorbes, of the University of 

 Illinois, is due the credit of making the first extensive collections, 

 of these animals in this country, and publishing accurate de- 

 scriptions of t'hem. His first paper was published in 1876, and 

 was followed by a series of very valuable investigations, cul- 

 minating within' the last few years in the establishment of a 

 floating labo^VJtory on the Illinois River for the continued study 

 of the fauna and flora of that river and the shallow lakes adjoin- 

 ing. 



In Europe large numbers of investigators within the last few 

 years have devoted themselves to the study of fresh water ani- 

 mals and plants. Preeminent among them have been Porel and 

 his co-laborers on Lake Leman, and Zacharias and his fellow- 

 workers in the station at Lake Plon in Ilolstein. This station 

 at Plon was, I believe, the first permanent fresh water station in 

 the world. Since its establishment in 1S91, a considerable num- 

 ber of permanent stations have been established in various parts 

 of the world. It is not my purpose here to give a history of 

 these establishments, for that has already been exceedingly well 

 done by Professor Ward. I may call attention in passing, how- 

 ever, to the fact that the work in this country has been done 

 almost exclusively in our immediate vicinity, Illinois, Wiscon- 

 sin, and Michigan having published by far the most material on 

 this subject. Similar work has been prosecuted in Minnesota, 

 Ohio, and Indiana, but very little has been done in the other 

 states, if we except the exceedingly valuable work of Whipple. 



In Wisconsin, work has been prosecuted on the Madison lakes 

 and Green Lake for many years, and now, under the auspices 

 of the Natural History Survey, a more extensive and systematic 

 biological survey of the lakes is being made, probably a more . 

 extensive comparative study than has been attempted elsewhere. 

 While this study is of especial scientific interest, as has been in- 



