ii8 Bulletin 65. 



the nose with the pointed tongue, so that the virulent particles 

 are diflScult to secure, and when secured they prove to contain 

 few bacilli so that a failure to find these would not be so reassur- 

 ing as it would be in man. As a large proportion of cases of 

 chronic tuberculosis of the lungs are of this kind the tuberculin 

 test, to be noted below becomes practically indispensible. 



When the lungs become more extensively involved symptoms 

 are more distinct and reliable, and the animal usually falls off in 

 condition, yet in many cases cattle in good condition are killed 

 for beef and the lungs and ribs are found to be literally covered 

 with clusters of fibrous tubercles (grapes). Usually in advanced 

 cases the hair is dry, lustreless, and erect in patches, especially 

 along the back. The skin is dry, powdery, and rigid without its 

 customary mellow touch or mobility on the parts beneath. The 

 eye is less prominent and brilliant, tlie breathing is more easily 

 accelerated, the cough, more frequent and easily roused, is often 

 gurgling or rattling and may cause a discharge from the nose of 

 a whitish flocculent, sometimes grittj' material in the flocculi bacilli 

 may sometimes be found. The breath, is heavy and mawkish. 

 Pinching of the back at the shoulders or loins may cause wincing, 

 groaning or cough, as may also pinching above the breastbone 

 or striking the ribs with the fingers or fist. Percussion over the 

 ribs reveals spots where there is a lack of resonance, apart from 

 the solid masses of the heart, liver, spleen and stomach contents, 

 and listening over these spots will detect that variety of morbid 

 sounds familiar to the physician, the most prominent being rub- 

 bing, wheezing, creaking or fine crepetation, mucous rattling and 

 various blowing sounds. A remarkable feature of tuberculosis 

 distinguishing it from many other forms of lung consolidation 

 attended by unnatural sounds, is the occurrence of such changes 

 in, patches with intervening spaces of sound lung. Ordinary inflam- 

 mations more commonly attack one portion and spread from that 

 as a center extending the solidification in one or all directions. 

 Arrived at this stage the animal usually fails to make fiesh satis- 

 factorily on the best feeding, and milk is not only lessened but 

 becomes poor, blue and watery. 



The tubercles tend also to form more in other organs, notably 

 the lymphatic glands and bowels, and digestion and assimi- 

 lation being thus seriously interfered with emaciation advances 



